2 EIV Finances 1471-1483 Flashcards
what problems did EIV have with finance
-HVI put the crown in massive debt
-EIV turned to taxation four times in his reign
-in 1460s EIV sought forced loans/forced gifts/ benevolences from nobles
how much debt was HVI in by 1450
£372,000
what three parts make up the ordinary income of a king
Crown Lands
Customs Revenue
Feudal Dues
how did EIV inc his revenue from Crown Lands
-systems made more efficient with commissioners collecting revenues in Duchy of Lancashire
who collected crown revenues in Lancashire
Lord Stanley
how much did Lord stanley inc the crown lands revenue in Lancashire by
1476 - £347 a year
1478 - £800 a year and £885 by the end of the reign
how much did EIV get off customs revenue at the start of his reign and what did it increase to by the end
£25,000 —> 35,000
give 3 ways EIV inc income from Customs Revenue (not including treaties)
-personally active in importing/exporting goods eg tin/wool/cloth
-1466 special commissioners appointed to investigate collection of customs at main ports and report abuses
-collectors of customs paid more and more cases of fraud brought forward as a result
what years did special commissioners investigate the collections of customs revenues and report abuses (3)
1466
1473
1474
which three countries did EIV make treaties with to improve income from customs revenue and when were they made
-Hanseatic League in Germany (1473-4)
-France (1475)
-Burgundy (1478)
what three methods of feudal dues created income for EIV
wardships
bishoprics
implementation of justice and judicial fees
how did EIV make money off wardships (feudal dues)(2)
-it was the kings right to enjoy the income of a child landowner until they became of age, when they were of age an entry due was to be paid so they could enjoy their own income
-could also sell wards marriages to highest bidders
give two examples of valuable wardships and who they married
DoBuckingham —> Katherine Woodville
EoShrewsbury —> Hastings daughter
how did EIV make money off bishoprics (feudal dues)
-when bishoprics has vacancies, they could only be filled by the kings nominee and the king earned income by delaying the appointment of a new bishop for months or years
how did EIV get income from the implementation of justice (feudal dues)
-took fees and fines where royal rights had been breached
-judicial fees paid to hin
what were the two methods of creating income were not ordinary income
-Extraordinary Income/ Taxing the Church
-The Black Book and the Ordinance if 1478
how did extraordinary income create income for the king
-through clerical taxes EIV could tax the church, although he did not exploit it
-they paid the usual clerical tenths
how much did the church pay EIV between 1472-1475
£50,000
when was the Ordinance published and what did it do
1478; contained EIVs recordings if the administration of the royal households workings
what did the Ordinance decide the household into
above stairs and below stairs departments
what did the Black Book aim to do
-regulate household expenses and establish what rules govern them
was the Black Book and the Ordinance in 1478 successful
no, did not reduce enough
what were the four times EIV raised taxes
-war with France (never happened)
-war with Scotland (never happened)
-tax cut short
-sisters wedding
was EIV successful with finance ?
yes died solvent with maybe £2000
between 1459-1462 how much did exports of sacks of wool a year decrease by
from 8000 to 5000
between 1465-1469 how much did exported sacks of wool a year increase to and how much was exported in 1471
rose to 9000, then to 10,000
give 3 ways EIV helped inc trade that aren’t being personally involved or signing treaties
-sold licenses to alien or native merchants to export with reduced (or no) customs
-involved merchants in parties at court
-1483 granted two Italians to introduce 20 craftsmen into England to instruct English new methods of finishing and dyeing cloth
