2 EIV Finances 1471-1483

Question 1

what problems did EIV have with finance

Answer 1

-HVI put the crown in massive debt
-EIV turned to taxation four times in his reign
-in 1460s EIV sought forced loans/forced gifts/ benevolences from nobles

Question 2

how much debt was HVI in by 1450

Answer 2

£372,000

Question 3

what three parts make up the ordinary income of a king

Answer 3

Crown Lands
Customs Revenue
Feudal Dues

Question 4

how did EIV inc his revenue from Crown Lands

Answer 4

-systems made more efficient with commissioners collecting revenues in Duchy of Lancashire

Question 5

who collected crown revenues in Lancashire

Answer 5

Lord Stanley

Question 6

how much did Lord stanley inc the crown lands revenue in Lancashire by

Answer 6

1476 - £347 a year
1478 - £800 a year and £885 by the end of the reign

Question 7

how much did EIV get off customs revenue at the start of his reign and what did it increase to by the end

Answer 7

£25,000 —> 35,000

Question 8

give 3 ways EIV inc income from Customs Revenue (not including treaties)

Answer 8

-personally active in importing/exporting goods eg tin/wool/cloth
-1466 special commissioners appointed to investigate collection of customs at main ports and report abuses
-collectors of customs paid more and more cases of fraud brought forward as a result

Question 9

what years did special commissioners investigate the collections of customs revenues and report abuses (3)

Answer 9

1466
1473
1474

Question 10

which three countries did EIV make treaties with to improve income from customs revenue and when were they made

Answer 10

-Hanseatic League in Germany (1473-4)
-France (1475)
-Burgundy (1478)

Question 11

what three methods of feudal dues created income for EIV

Answer 11

wardships
bishoprics
implementation of justice and judicial fees

Question 12

how did EIV make money off wardships (feudal dues)(2)

Answer 12

-it was the kings right to enjoy the income of a child landowner until they became of age, when they were of age an entry due was to be paid so they could enjoy their own income
-could also sell wards marriages to highest bidders

Question 13

give two examples of valuable wardships and who they married

Answer 13

DoBuckingham —> Katherine Woodville
EoShrewsbury —> Hastings daughter

Question 14

how did EIV make money off bishoprics (feudal dues)

Answer 14

-when bishoprics has vacancies, they could only be filled by the kings nominee and the king earned income by delaying the appointment of a new bishop for months or years

Question 15

how did EIV get income from the implementation of justice (feudal dues)

Answer 15

-took fees and fines where royal rights had been breached
-judicial fees paid to hin

Question 16

what were the two methods of creating income were not ordinary income

Answer 16

-Extraordinary Income/ Taxing the Church
-The Black Book and the Ordinance if 1478

Question 17

how did extraordinary income create income for the king

Answer 17

-through clerical taxes EIV could tax the church, although he did not exploit it
-they paid the usual clerical tenths

Question 18

how much did the church pay EIV between 1472-1475

Answer 18

£50,000

Question 19

when was the Ordinance published and what did it do

Answer 19

1478; contained EIVs recordings if the administration of the royal households workings

Question 20

what did the Ordinance decide the household into

Answer 20

above stairs and below stairs departments

Question 21

what did the Black Book aim to do

Answer 21

-regulate household expenses and establish what rules govern them

Question 22

was the Black Book and the Ordinance in 1478 successful

Answer 22

no, did not reduce enough

Question 23

what were the four times EIV raised taxes

Answer 23

-war with France (never happened)
-war with Scotland (never happened)
-tax cut short
-sisters wedding

Question 24

was EIV successful with finance ?

Answer 24

yes died solvent with maybe £2000

Question 25

between 1459-1462 how much did exports of sacks of wool a year decrease by

Answer 25

from 8000 to 5000

Question 26

between 1465-1469 how much did exported sacks of wool a year increase to and how much was exported in 1471

Answer 26

rose to 9000, then to 10,000

Question 27

give 3 ways EIV helped inc trade that aren’t being personally involved or signing treaties

Answer 27

-sold licenses to alien or native merchants to export with reduced (or no) customs
-involved merchants in parties at court
-1483 granted two Italians to introduce 20 craftsmen into England to instruct English new methods of finishing and dyeing cloth