2- Drugs used in premeds Flashcards
3 characteristics a pre-med needs to have
Rapid onset (thus rapidly absorbed)
Centrally acting - distributes to the brain
Relatively short-acting (short elimination time)
When alpha 2 adrenergic receptors are stimulated they release?
Noradrenaline
T/F alpha 2 agonists are associated with marked bradycardia & hypotension
True
List the selectivity from high to low of the follow 3 alpha 2 agonsit
Dexmedetomidine, Xylazine, Medetomidine
Dexmedetomidine (most selective) > Medetomidine >Xylazine (least)
Delta & kappa receptors are 2 of the 4 opioid target receptors. What are the others?
MU & Nociception
What drug class is a dopamine receptor agonist thus causing CNS supression?
Phenothiazine (ACP)
What type of administration of phenothiazines can be erratic and unpredictable?
Oral
What drug class acts is a GABA-A agonist?
Benzodiazepines
Ketamines affect on glutamate
Blocks NMDA receptor - so antagonises the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate
List the effects of alpha-2 agonists
Marked sedative
muscle relaxant
analgesic properties
How long do alpha-2 agonists take to take effect
rapid onset of action- 5 mins
short duration of action - 40 mins
What drug can antagonise alpha-2 agonists
atipamezole
What drug antagonises opiods
naloxone
What is the half-life of acepromazine
slow elimination
half-life 24-28 hours this means it has a long duration of action
What do benzodiaepines cause
anxiolysis
sedation
hypnosis
NO ANALGESIA
