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Anatomy 1 > 2- Bones of Cranium > Flashcards

2- Bones of Cranium Flashcards

1
Q

The Cranium is divided into two. What are they called?

A

1- Neurocranium

2- Viscerocranium

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2
Q

What is Neurocranium?

A

Houses brain and meningeal structures

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3
Q

What is Viscerocranium?

A

Formed by bones of the face

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4
Q

Neurocranium:

The “cap” is known as the what?

A

Calvaria

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5
Q

What is the Calvaria formed by: (4)

A

1- frontal bone ANTERIORLY

2- left parietal bone Posteriorly

3-right parietal bone Posteriorly

4- occipital bone MOST Posteriorly

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6
Q

The Cranial Base is formed by what? (5)

A

1-Frontal bone with Ethmoid bone sitting along midline

2- “butterfly” shaped Sphenoid bone

3-Right Temporal bone

4-Left Temporal bone

5- Occipital bone posteriorly

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7
Q

What are the pores in Ethmoid bone called and what passes through it?

A

cribiform plate where the ofactory nerves pass

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8
Q

Viscrerocranium:

Name all 8 irregular facial bones.

A

1- Mandible

2- Maxilla (pair)

3- Zygomatic

4- Nasal (pair)

5- Vomer (pair)

6- Lacrimal (pair)

7- Palatine (pair)

8- Ethmoid

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9
Q

Name all 6 bones and orientation of the Orbit Wall

A

1- Frontal (superior)

2- Zygomatic (lateral)

3- Maxilla (inferior)

4- Lacrimal (Medial)

5-Ethmoid (Medial)

6- Sphenoid (posterior)

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10
Q

Name all 3 Orbital Foraminas

A

1-Superior Orbital Fissure

2-Inferior Obital Fissure

3- Optical Canal

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11
Q

What structures pass through the Superior Orbital Fissure?

A

Ophthalmic veins, Ophthalmic nerve from CN V, CN III, CN IV, CN VI, and Sympathetic fibers

Lazy French Turtle Sit Nakedly In Anticipation

L - lacrimal nerve

F - frontal nerve (a branch of the ophthalmic nerve)
T - trochlear nerve (CN IV)
S - superior division of the oculomotor nerve (CN III)
N - nasociliary nerve (a branch of the ophthalmic nerve)
I - inferisor division of the oculomotor nerve (CN III)
A - abducens nerve (CN VI)

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12
Q

What structures passes through Inferior Obital Fissure?

A

Zygomatic branch of Maxillary Nerve from CN V

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13
Q

What structures passes through Optic Nerve?

A

CN II and Ophthalmic arteries

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14
Q

What forms the nasal septum?

A

Vomer and the perpendicular plate of the Ethmoid form the nasal septum

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15
Q

What is the 3 bony ridges located on either side of the nasal cavity called?

A

Conchae or Tubinates.

The three ridges are called superior/middle/inferior

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16
Q

What is this bone called and label the parts.

A

Mandible

A- Coronoid process

B- Condyle

C- Ramus

D- Angle

E- Body

F- Parasymphyseal/Mental

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17
Q

What bone is this and label the parts

A

Temporal Bone

A- External Acoustic Meatus

B- Squamous portion
C- Zygomatic process

D-Articular tubercle

E- Mandibular fossa

F- Styloid process

G- Mastoid process

H- Mastoid portion

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18
Q

What is a Temporal Fossa?

A

depression along lateral aspect of cranium which houses the Temporalis muscle.

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19
Q

What is the Pterion?

and what are some unique notes of the Pterion?

A

junction of frontal, parietal, sphenoid and temporal bones.

It is the weakest point on cranium

The middle meningeal artery is found deep to it

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20
Q

Where is the Squamous Suture?

A

junction of the temporal and parietal bones

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21
Q

Label this posterior aspect of the cranium

A

A-Sagittal suture- junction of parietal bones

B- Sutural bone

C- Lambdoid suture- junction of parietal, occipital, and temporal

D- Superior nuchal line

E- External occipital protuberance

F- Inferior nuchal line

G- Occipital condyle

H- Lambda- junction of parietal and occipital bone

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22
Q

Name this and what bones does it connect?

A

A- Coronal Suture

connects parietal and frontal bones

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23
Q

What is the Bregman?

A

central union of parietal and frontal bones

24
Q

What is the parietal foramen?

A

opening in parietal bone that drains emissary veins of scalp into SSS (superior sagittal sinus)

25
Q

What is the Hard Palate formed from?

A

Hard Palate is formed from:

Maxillary palatine process ANTERIORLY

and

Horizontal plate of the Palatine bone POSTERIORLY

26
Q

Where is the Greater and Lesser Palatine foramina?

and describe what the foramina does

A

foramina that provides entrances for the nerves and arteries of the same name into the Oral Cavity

27
Q

Just posterior to the Hard palate there are two openings, what are they called?

A

Choanae aka posterior nasal passage

28
Q

what is the Choanae aka posterior nasal passage separated by?

A

Vomer bone

29
Q

What bone is this and what are the unlabeled A-D

A

Sphenoid Bone

A-Lateral Pterygoid Plate

B- Medial Pterygoid Plate

C- Greater Wing

D- Lesser Wing

30
Q

Describe the physical feature of the squamous and the petrous portions of the Temporal bone.

A

the Flatter squamous

the Rounder and medial petrous portion

31
Q

Label these of the Jaw area

A

A- Articular Process

B- Mandibular Fossa aka Glenoid fossa

C- Articular Disc (meniscus)

D- Condyle of the Mandible

32
Q

What is the Foramen Magnum?

A

Large opening allowing superior and inferior apssge of spinal cord, menines, vertebral arteries, ant/pos spinal arteries

33
Q

What is this pair called?

A

Occipital Condyles

34
Q

What is this foramen? and what goes through it?

A

between the petrous temporal bone and occipital bone lies the

Jugular foramen

-the internal jugular vein and CN IX-X1 exit the cranium via the Jugular foramen

35
Q

Where is the Carotid canal located?

A

Carotid canal is located anterior to the Jugular foramen on the Petrous temporal bone

-here is the passage for the internal carotid artery into the cranium

36
Q

What is this foramen? and what passes through it?

A

Stylomastoid foramen locaed posterior to the styloid process

-CN VII and the stylomastoid artery exits it

37
Q

Label this foramen and what passes through it?

A

Foramen Ovale, located on the greater wing of the sphenoid

-through which the Mandibular branch of CN V and Accessory Meningeal artery will pass through

38
Q

Poster to the Foramen Ovale is what foramen? and what goes through it?

A

Foramen spinosum

-the middle meingeal artery/vein and meningeal branch of Mandibular nerve passes through

39
Q

What is this plate called and what is located on it ?

what does through them?

A

Cribiform fossae located on the Cribiform Plate of the Ethmoid bone

-CN I’s axons from the nasal cavity to the Olfactory bulbs pass through

40
Q

What bisects the centrally located cribiform plate?

A

Crista galli

41
Q

Where is the lesser wing of the sphenoid visible?

internally or exterially?

A

Internally

42
Q

What is this foramen called and what passes through it?

A

Foramen rotundum

located posterior to the superior orbital fissure

-exit for Maxillary branch of CN V

43
Q

What is this small indentation?

A

Hypoglossal canal

located along the anterior aspect of the foramen magnum

transmits CN XII

44
Q

what is this saddle shaped item?

A

located center of sphnoid bone is the Sella Tursica

45
Q

In the Sella Tursica: name the 3 parts from the anterior most to posterior most.

A

Anterior- Tuberculum Sellae

Middle- Hypophyseal fossa- ***houses the pituitary gland

Posterior- Dorsum sellae

46
Q

What goies throught the Magnum Foramina?

A

Spinal artery

Ventral artery

Spinal cord

47
Q

what two irregular facial bones form the nasal septum?

A

2 vomer plus 1 ethmoid

48
Q

What is the significance of the Conchae and Tubinate?

A

it warms the air and creates moisture natural huminifier

49
Q

Whta is Temporalis muscles important for?

A

mastication

50
Q

What bleeds out faster, arterial intercranial bleeding or venous intercranial bleeding and where is it most commonly seen?

A

Arterial intercranial bleeding caused by fracture in the Pterion. where the middle meningeal artery is located

51
Q

What is just superficial to the Hard palate?

A

the soft palate

52
Q

What muscle attaches in the Pterygoid plates and what is it connected to?

A

Pterygoid muscle for TMJ

53
Q

What is housed in the Petrous portion of the temporal bone?

A

the inner ear

54
Q

What one Cranial nerve innervates all the muscles related to Mastication?

A

CN V

55
Q

What is a fissure and what is a foramen?

A

fissure is a slit like hole

and

foramen is a round hole

56
Q

What sits just superior to the Sella tursica?

A

Pituitary gland

57
Q

What passes through Foramen rotundum?

A

CN V

Anatomy 1 (9 decks)

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