(2) ATM - Wake Turbulence

Question 1

What is Wake Vortex Turbulence? (2)

Answer 1

• Turbulence which is generated by the passage of an aircraft in flight
• Generated from the point when the nose landing gear of an aircraft leaves the ground on take off and will cease to be generated when the nose landing gear touches the ground during landing

Question 2

What is Wake Turbulence? (1)

Answer 2

The effect of the rotating air masses generated behind the wing tips of aircraft

Question 3

What is Wake Vortex? (1)

Answer 3

Describes the nature of those air masses. A wingtip vortex can be similar to a small tornado

Question 4

What is WVE? (2)

Answer 4

WVE - Wake Vortex Encounter

When another aircraft encounters turbulence

Question 5

Wake Turbulence Categories - Super (J)

Answer 5

• A380-800
• MTOM 560,000kg
• “Super” used on RTF

Question 6

Wake Turbulence Categories - Heavy (H)

Answer 6

• All aircraft types of 136,000 kg or more

Question 7

Wake Turbulence Categories - Medium (M)

Answer 7

Aircraft types 136,000 kg but more than 7,000 kg

Question 8

Wake Turbulence Categories - Light (L)

Answer 8

Aircraft types of 7,000 kg or less

Question 9

Helicopter Wake turbulence diagram

Answer 9

Question 10

What are the basic effects of wake turbulence on a following aircraft? (4)

Answer 10

• Induced roll
• Loss of height or rate of climb
• Possible structural stress
• Adverse effect on engine (e.g. flameout)

Question 11

Why is the effect of wake turbulence greater on approach / climb out? (4)

Answer 11

Following A/C is in a critical state:

• Speed
• Thrust
• Altitude
• Reaction time

Question 12

Effects on aircraft - VFR & Visual approaches diagrams

Answer 12

Question 13

When shall an ATCU not be required to apply wake turbulence separation? (2)

Answer 13

• Arriving VFR flights on the same runway as preceding HEAVY andMEDIUM aircraft
• Between arriving IFR flights executing a visual approach when the aircraft has reported the preceding aircraft in sight and has been instructed to follow and maintain own separation from the aircraft

Question 14

Who is responsible for applying sufficient spacing? (1)

Answer 14

Pilot in command

Question 15

An aircraft shall never be instructed to orbit on final. True or False?

Answer 15

True

Question 16

ARRIVING AIRCRAFT - Non radar (5)

Answer 16

• MEDIUM behind a SUPER - 3 minutes
• MEDIUM behind a HEAVY - 2 minutes
• LIGHT behind a SUPER - 4 minutes
• LIGHT behind a HEAVY / MEDIUM - 3 minutes

For APP control - Otherwise “Caution Wake Turbulence”

Question 17

Same runway & Parallel runways - Wake turbulence diagram

Answer 17

Question 18

Crossing runways - Wake turbulence diagram

Answer 18

The projected flight path of the aircraft will cross the projected flight path of the first aircraft at the same altitude or less than 1000ft below

Question 19

Independent runways - Wake turbulence diagram

Answer 19

Parallel runways separated by 760m or more if:

The projected flight path of the aircraft will cross the projected flight path of the first aircraft at the same altitude or less than 1000ft below

Question 20

Same runway & Parallel runways (<760m) - Wake turbulence diagram

Answer 20

Question 21

Wake turbulence table

Answer 21