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3 + 4+ 5 semester > 1st Test Tutorial Personality > Flashcards

1st Test Tutorial Personality Flashcards

1
Q

reliability

A

is test getting consistent scores

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2
Q

internal consistency reliability

A

degree of consistency between subparts of test

(scoring high on MCQ -> scoring high on FRQ)

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3
Q

validity

A

is test measuring what it’s supposed to measure

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4
Q

construct validity

A

is test measuring theoretical construct

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5
Q

convergent validity

A

is test related to what is should theoretically be related to

when 2 diff measures measuring same thing give similar results

  • questionnaire about ethics (high ethics)
  • experiment to see how many people take more than 1 candle -> expect no transgressions
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6
Q

discrimination validity

A

test not related to what it should not be related to

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7
Q

content validity

A

test measuring domain it’s supposed to be measuring

IQ test that measures all 7 types of IQ

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8
Q

3 biases

A
  1. response set bias
  2. ethnic bias
  3. gender bias
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9
Q

2 response set biases

A
  1. acquiescence response set = people more likely to agree than disagree with statement
  2. social desirability = people pick answer which makes them look best
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10
Q

Q.sort tests

A

self concept of own characteristics

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11
Q

bio measures

A
  1. EEG -> brain waves
  2. PET -> radioactive glucose
  3. fMRI -> oxygen blood levels
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12
Q

thematic apperception test

A

patient has to come up with story of pic

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13
Q

R.B Cattell

A

used statistics to group adjectives of personality

Q-data = questionnaire data
T-data = test data
L-data = life data

discovered 16 personalities

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14
Q

Allport’s trait

A

constant core portion of human

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15
Q

Allport’s personal disposition

A

person’s goals, motives nuclear quality

cardinal disposition = dispositions that heavily influence behaviour

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16
Q

Big 5 personality traits

A
  1. introversion/extroversion
  2. agreeableness
  3. openness
  4. conscientiousness = dependable
  5. neuroticism = emotional instability
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17
Q

implicit personality theory

A

bias that certain traits go together

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18
Q

Big 5 used for

A

career advice

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19
Q

Eysenck’s 3 Personalities

A
  1. introversion/extroversion
  2. neuroticism
  3. psychoticism
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20
Q

zero-acquaintance state

A

personality judgement from people we’ve never met

high consensus with all zero acquaintance observers

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21
Q

diff personality needs
inventor

A

Henry Murray
1. n Ach = need for achievement

  1. n Aff = need for affection
  2. n Pow = need for power
  3. n Exh = need for exhibition or expression
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22
Q

good health expressions

A
  1. fluid and charismatic
  2. outwards focused gestures
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23
Q

bad health expressions

A
  1. hostile
  2. anxious
  3. unexpressiveness -> Parkinson’s or stroke victims
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24
Q

free association

A

psychoanalytic

report everything that comes to mind

25
2 parts of dream analysis
look into unconscious 1. manifest content = what person consciously remembers 2. latent content = underlying hidden meaning of manifest content
26
3 parts of Freudian mind
1. id -> pleasure principle 2. ego 3. superego
27
Psychosexual Dev Stages
1. oral 2. anal 3.phallic 4. latency 5. genital
28
Oedipus complex
boys sexual feelings towards mother and rivalry with father
29
castration anxiety
unconscious fear of castration bc boys love of mother and realising can't overpower father
30
8 defence mechanisms
1. repression 2. sublimation 3. projection 4. reaction formation = overemphasising opposite of threatening feeling 5. denial 6. displacement 7. rationalisation 8. regression
31
neo-analytic meaning
personality psych with ego as core of personality
32
Jung's 3 parts of personality
1. conscious ego 2. personal unconscious 3. collective unconscious = archetypes
33
Jung's 4 functions of mind (rational or irrational)
1. sensing -> rational 2. thinking -> rationally 3. feeling -> irrational 4. intuiting -> irrational
34
who founded individual psych
Alfred Adler
35
Adler's complexes
1. inferiority = exaggerated feelings of incompetence 2. superiority = exaggerated arrogance developed to compensate for feelings of inferiority 3. organ inferiority = each person has weakness in certain body part which body tries to compensate for 4. aggression drive = when unable to achieve or perceived helplessness 5. masculine protest = kids trying to become competent and independent
36
Adler's goals
1. perfection striving = eliminating perceived flaws 2. fictional goals = striving of self improvement
37
Adler's 3 tasks people need to do
1. occupational task 2. societal task 3. love task
38
Adler and birth other
1. firstborn = strive for achievement, independent, nurturing 2. secondborn = competitive, low self-esteem 3. lastborn = babied, lazy due to too much pressure, creative / rebellious
39
Adler's Personality Types
1. ruling dominant 2. getting learning 3. avoiding 4. socially useful
40
Karen Horney's Ideas
1. rejection of penis envy 2. basic anxiety 3. motivation from society + family 4. styles from childrearing
41
Horney's basic anxiety
fear of being alone, helpless, insecure
42
Horney's styles from childbearing
1. passive = compliant - moving towards coping strat 2. aggressive = moving against -> striving for power 3. withdrawn = moving away
43
Horney's selves
1. real self 2. despised self = shortcomings 3. ideal self = based on defeating shortcomings
44
object relation theories meaning
importance of relationships with others to define ourselves
45
Marg Mahler children
1. symbiotic psychotic = hovering parents leads to no formation of own identity 2. normal symbiotic
46
Melanie Klein achievement
developed play therapy
47
Erikson's stages of dev
1. trust vs mistrust 2. autonomy vs shame 3. initiation vs guilt 4. industry vs inferiority 5. identity vs role confusion 6. intimacy vs isolation 7. generativity vs stagnation 8. ego integrity vs despair
48
humanistic psych
1. free will! 2. organismic = inner push for growth 3. "I-Thou Dialogue" relation between you and people v important 4. striving for self-fulfillment
49
Erich Fromm
1. love is art 2. dialectical humanism = reconcile bio drives + social expectations by saying humans can transcend those
50
proof for Fromm
- consumerist societies (moving away from love) are more anxious + depressed - places with no community have higher crime rates and unrest
51
Carl Rogers
1. responsibility for own growth 2. maturing isn't inevitable we have to want it
52
Rogerian therapy
1. client oriented 2. non-directive 3. unconditional positive regard towards client + empathetic toward them
53
Rollo May
- anxiety, dread + despair core part of human anxiety = core human value threatened anxiety means we have freedom
54
Maslow ideas
- self-actualisation - peak experiences - hierarchy of needs
55
peak experiences
moments when people transcend self and feel completely fulfilled "flow"
56
hierarchy of needs
- D needs = deficiency needs * physiological * safety * belonging *esteem - B needs = being * self-actualisation
57
positive psychology findings on happiness
personality + situational factors
58

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