1st Exam. Part 6. PERI-operative asepsis Flashcards
Maintenance of sterilization during surgery
- Cap and mask should be used
- Scrubbing
- Gowning
- Gloving (Closed type and Open type)
- Handling of supplies
Peri-operative aseptic techniques
Application of isotonic solution to exposed organs to flush off contaminants; antibiotics could be used too
Flushing
Complications in peri-operatives (3)
1) Delayed wound healing
2) Dehiscence
3) Adhesions
Patient evaluation
- Patient data
- Chief complaint & medical history
- Physical examination
- Lab examination
- Other diagnostic exams
- Age (younger - faster metabolism)
- Species and Breed:
Patient Data
- Duration and severity
- Concurrent condition
- Level of activity
- Previous and concurrent drug use
- Previous anesthetic history and reactions
Chief complaint and medical history:
- BCS : Large (1-5); Small (1-9)
- Neurological examinations for Trauma Patients
- Diagnostic imaging techniques and examination of
bladder and abdomen for Trauma Patients
Physical examination
(5) Physical exams for ruminants (most are abdominal)
[ TAB RS ]
1) Tympany
2) Auscultation
3) Ballottement
4) Rectal exam
5) Size and shape of abdomen
- Routine laboratory test (CBC)
- Blood chemistry profile (liver, kidney enzymes)
- Urinalysis
Lab examination
Other diagnostic exams (3)
- ECG
- Ultrasonography
- Radiography
Determination of surgical RISK
- Excellent
- Good
- Fair
- Poor
- Grave/Guarded
Determination of surgical RISK
- Excellent
- Good
- Fair
- Poor
- Grave/Guarded
Fast recovery with high probability of returning to normal pre-surgical function
Complication: minimal
Excellent
Recovery with a good possibility of returning to PSF
some potential complications
Good
PROLONGED recovery and MAY NOT return to PSF
Possible serious complication but uncommon
Fair
Prolonged recovery and unlikely to return to PSF
Many or severe complications with a high probability of death
Poor
Highly variable/ Uncertain recovery
Many or severe complications with a high probability of death
Grave / Guarded
Pre operative planning and preparation of surgical team (3)
[ ADS ]
Anesthesia to use
Drugs & medication to give
Surgical technique to apply
Patient preparation
- Fasting
- Stabilize the patient
- Pre-operation drugs
- Patient positioning
recommended fasting duration
atleast 6 hours
special consideration of fasting for:
- neonates
- animals under 2.5 kg,
- birds
- ruminants (only fast for abdominal surgery)
In stabilizing the patient, always check for the ff (6):
- Airway patency
- Oxygen therapy
- Fluids and steroids
- Blood transfusion
- Antibiotics
- Immunostimulants
removal of fluid in thorax
Thoracocentesis
fluid in bladder
Cystocentesis
your life line even in healthy animals
IV fluid
sites of IV fluid (3)
- Cephalic v.
- Jugular v.
- Lateral saphenous v.
time of administration depend on the route
Prophylactic antibiotics
Proper positioning is affected by (3):
- Ease of aseptic prep of site
- Degree of immobilization of the patient
- Allows adequate room to work with
In ruminants :
neck should be a) ______than the head and in b) _____ lateral recumbency to avoid bloat and aspiration pneumonia
a. higher
b. right
