19) El Presente de Subjuntivo Flashcards
Even if (conjunction)
aunque
The present subjunctive
El presente de subjuntivo
to insist
exigir
secretary
la secretaria
to destroy
destruir
to hold, to grab
agarrar
to lie
mentir
to explain
explicar
to turn off
apagar
to embrace
abrazar
to advise, to give advice to someone
aconsejar
to insist
insistir en
to advice (ii)
recomendar
to suggest
sugerir
e > ie
sugiero, sugieres, sugiere
Kinda like querer
to require, call for, demand
exigir
to allow, permit
permitir
to prohibit, forbid
prohibir
when conjugating in the present, all but nosotros & vosotros have an accent mark on the i
snack
la merienda
the rent (i)
la renta
rent (ii)
el alquiler
to wish
desear
I wish, hope, desire
ojalá
premiere
el estreno
ticket
la entrada
- Billete - a train ticket, a bus ticket, or a plane ticket. (billete de ida y vuelta o billete de ida/round-trip ticket or one-way ticket)
- Entrada - an admission ticket for a movie, and other paid events.
- Boleto - a lottery ticket, a parking ticket, a voting slip. Boleto is also used interchangeably for billete and entrada.
box office
la taquilla
to water the garden
regar el jardín
present tense boot (e > ie)
to clap
Aplaudir
to applaud
Aplaudir
the act
el acto
to stand out
destacar
to chew
masticar
to punish
castigar
to rise early
madrugar
to swallow
tragar
to throw, to launch
lanzar
to stumble
tropezar
WEIRDOS - W
Wishes, desires, and imperatives
WEIRDOS - E
Emotions and feelings
Stem changing patterns
e> ie
e > i
o > ue
u > ue
For present subjunctive, its like a boot - all but nosotros and vosotros forms stem change
But for stem changing IR verbs, a similar pattern happens BUT in nosotros and vosotros forms, the conjugated verb does the following change: o > u & e > i
to take
coger
yo form -cer
-zco
yo form -gir
-jo
yo form -guir
-igo
yo form -ger
-jo
irregular present subjunctives
dar
estar
haber
ir
saber
ser
a couple, a pair
el par, un par
contest
el concurso
specific time on the clock
en punto
to suppose, to assume
suponer(se)
to be sure about
estar seguro/a de
to be convinced
estar convencido/a de
to doubt
dudar
unless
a menos que
before
antes (de) que
as soon as
tan pronto como
in order that, so that
para que
in case
en caso de que
while
mientras que
until
hasta que
without
sin que
although
aunque
convinced
convencido/a
to be glad, happy about
alegrarse de
to be afraid of, fear
tener miedo de
“temor” it’s more used to refer the general concept, and “miedo” would be more specific to a situation.
to be sorry, regret
sentir
to be surprised
sorprenderse (de)
to fear, suspect
temer
“temor” it’s more used to refer the general concept, and “miedo” would be more specific to a situation.
to implore
suplicar
to supplicate
ask or beg for something earnestly or humbly.
to beg
rogar (o > ue)
to ask, request, to order something
pedir (e > i)
main vs subordinate clause
A subordinate clause, like an independent clause, has a subject and a verb, but unlike an independent clause, it cannot stand alone as a sentence.
after
después (de) que
Use de after despues if your listing something - after work OR after monday - for example
QUORA
Whenever you think you can use “de que”, just get rid of the “de” and use only “que”.
So, “después de” is followed by a noun, pronoun or infinitive, and “después que” is followed by a conjugated verb.
Use depues de que if youre going to use present subjunctive
QUORA 2
Después de is used before a noun, a pronoun or an infinitive form:
después de la batalla - after the battle
Después de eso after that
Después de comer - after eating
Después de que is used before a finite verb form:
después de que llegó - after he arrived
Después de que acabaron el trabajo - after they finished the work
REDDIT 1
Después de can be followed by an infinitive (Después de comer) or a noun (Después de la fiesta).
Después de que is followed by a conjugated verb (Después de que vinieron).
even if
aunque
saucer (alien)
el platillo
flying (adjective)
volador(a)
good grades
buenas notas
to let, to allow
dejar
to authorize
autorizar
preterite yo:
autoricé
to graduate
graduar(se)
Verb for expressing emotion
estar
Emotion present subjunctive form
Estar + Adjective + que + Subordinate clause
delighted
encantado/a
to participate
participar
blanket
la manta
the bedsheets
las sábanas
to turn off
apagar
to turn on
encender
(e > ie)
curtains
las cortinas
it is doubtful that
es dudoso que
it is a shame / a pity that
es (una) lástima que
it is better that
es mejor que / más vale que
it is necessary that
es necesario que
its probable/likely that
es probable que
it is incredible/unbelievable that
es increíble que
it is certain that
es cierto que
it is true that
es verdad que
it is obvious that
es obvio que
to keep something
guardar
the regulation/rule
el reglamento
la regulación
la norma
La regla
La principal diferencia entre una norma y un reglamento es que la norma es una regla generalmente aceptada y no siempre obligatoria, mientras que el reglamento es una regla formal y específica emitida por una entidad con autoridad específica y que tiene efecto legal.
The main difference between “norma” and “reglamento” is that “norma” is a generally accepted rule and not always mandatory, whereas the “reglamento” is a formal and specific rule issued by an entity with specific authority and having legal effect.
Both words are synonyms, but regla also means ruler and is more casual and informal. Norma is more formal, example:
Normas ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
Reglas de la casa = House rules.
often
a menudo
on time
a tiempo
certificate
el certificado
the list
la lista
persistent
persistente
to be successful
tener éxito
the rule
la norma
antecent
the subject of the main clause
nephew, niece
sobrino, sobrina
mischievous
travieso/a
puppy
el cachorro
cheerful
alegre
the most important thing
lo mas importante
on the other hand, moreover, also
por otro parte
ok (ii)
bien
exactly (ii) , in fact
efectivamente
surveillance
la vigilancia
dining room
el comedor
balcony
el balcón
budget
el presupuesto
utilities
las utilidades
heating
la calefacción
decent
decente
even X
incluso
Incluso can mean including or even when it refers to something that is not necessarily always considered to be a member of the group mentioned pg 373
including, included
incluido/a
this very day
hoy mismo
to figure out, to find out
averiguar
in the mean time
mientras tanto
to fill out
rellenar
To refill
the form
el formulario
to fill
llenar
formula
la fórmula
contact information
datos de contacto, información de contacto
by the way
por cierto
as a matter of fact
de hecho
application
la solicitud
to approve
aprobar
tenant
El inquilino / la inquilina
to show off, to presume
presumir
to ensure, to assure, to secure
asegurar
ok, in agreement
de acuerdo
willing, ready
dispuesto/a
farmer
el granjero / la granjera
ox
el buey
Transitive verbs
Transitive verbs need an object to complete their meaning
I like DOGS / CATS / FOOD etc
It needs a direct object to complete its meaning
Intransitive verbs
Intransitive verbs cannot have a direct object after them
A transitive verb is one that requires a direct object to finish its meaning. Example: He (subject) plays (transitive verb) guitar (direct object). An intransitive verb is one that does not need a direct object to complete its meaning. Example: She (subject) laughs
to stop (ii)
detener(se)
to cure
curar