1860 Elections - For Republican party Flashcards
1
Q
When were the Whig and Democrat parties formed?
A
Whigs: 1833-4
Democrats: 1820s
2
Q
Whig ideologies:
A
- Supported national bank
- Protective tariff
- Federal construction of roads / canals / railways
- Members wanted to benefit from a developed market economy (including slave holders)
- Expansion pushed by both Tyler and Polk
3
Q
Democrat ideologies:
A
- Suspicious about a national bank
- Against new aristocracy of wealthy and industrial interests
- Supported ideal of sturdy independent US farmers and limited federal powers.
4
Q
When did the Whig party collapse?
A
1852
5
Q
When did the Republican party emerge?
A
1854 - 56
6
Q
Origins of the Republican party?
A
- Kansas-Nebraska Act May 1854 caused riots
- Term ‘Republican’ was adopted from Kansas
- 1856 it was established enough to run a presidential campaign
- 1860, Lincoln won election.
7
Q
Who were members of the Republican party:
A
- Free Soil
- Whig party members who opposed slavery
8
Q
Support of the Republican party?
A
- Abolitionist and reform movements in South
- West, who feared slavery in new territories would cut off opportunities to expand for free soil settlers.
- Whig Party members (Northern) who opposed Kansas-Nebraska Act
- Know Nothing Party
9
Q
Clam before Kansas-Nebraska Act:
A
- Decline in bank, tariff and tax debates due to economic prosperity
- Decline in opposition to Fugitive Slave Act
- 1850 compromise successful
10
Q
John Fremont success in 1856 elections:
A
- Won all Northern states but 4 (1.3 million votes)
- However, election went to Democrat Buchanan (won every southern state but Maryland)
11
Q
Republican slogan in 1856?
A
‘Free Soil, Free Labour, Free Men, Fremont’
12
Q
Arguments of Republicans:
A
- Kansas had become slave due to intimidation by ‘border ruffians’
- ‘Slave power’
- Not committed to abolishing slavery directly.
13
Q
Arguments against Republicans being anti-slavery?
A
Many were anti-immigration and disliked other races and religions.
14
Q
Proof that Republicans were anti-slavery?
A
- Many southerners did not differentiate between abolitionists and Republicans
- Kansas proved ‘slave power’
- Morally corrupt slavery. Lincoln expressed in 1858 ‘the eternal struggle between these two principles - right and wrong.’
