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Textbook > 16 - Local Chemotherapeutic Agents > Flashcards

16 - Local Chemotherapeutic Agents Flashcards

1
Q

Ideal antimicrobial properties (3)

A

1) Delivered to diseased area in an effective form
2) Remain for a sufficient amount of time
3) No development of bacterial resistance or damage to oral tissues

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2
Q

ADA standards for antimicrobials

A

Reduction of plaque and gingival inflammation for at least 6 months

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3
Q

Keye’s Technique

A 
SRP
Baking soda
Salt
H202
Tetracycline hydrochloride (sometimes)
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4
Q

Chlorhexidine drug class

MOA

A

Cationic bisbiguanide

Ruptures cell membranes

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5
Q

Listerine drug class

MOA

A

Essential oil

Cell wall disruption and inhibition of bacterial enzymes

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6
Q

Iodophor drug class

MOA

A

Polyvinyl pyrrolidine + iodine (povidone iodine)

Water soluble antimicrobial for bacteria/fungus/virus

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7
Q

Cepacol/Scope drug class

MOA

A

Quaternary ammonium compound

Cationic surface active agents to rupture cell walls

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8
Q

Sanguinarine drug class

Used in?

A

Herbal alkaloid from bloodroot plant + zinc chloride

Adjunct to dentifrice

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9
Q

Bleach drug class

Used for

A

Sodium hypochlorite

Subgingival irrigant for bacteria/virus/fungi

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10
Q

Triclosan contents

Why the extra stuff?

A

Bisphenol + zinc citrate + maleic acid + copolymer

Increase substantivity and anti-calculus

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11
Q

What are the 4 essential oils

A

Thymol
Eucalyptol
Menthol
Methylsalycylate

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12
Q

CHX substantivity is ____ hours

Reduce aerosol bacterial loads by ____

A

6 hours

90%

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13
Q

CHX side effects

A

Tooth staining
Calculus formation
Taste alteration

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14
Q

Listerine reduces bacteria collected on ultrasonic scalers by ____

Plaque and gingivitis reduction by ___

Alcohol % is ___ to ____

A

94.1%

34%

21.6-26.9%

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15
Q

Diluted povidone iodine effective against ____

Used with H202, reduction in ____

A

Streptococci in saliva

Papillary bleeding

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16
Q

Caution w/ povidone iodine if patient is ____ (5 things)

A 
Allergic to shellfish
Allergic to iodine
Thyroid dysfunction
Pregnant
Lactating
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17
Q

Cepacol/Scope contents

A

Cetylpyridinium chloride + domiphen bromide

18
Q

Problem with Scope/Cepacol

Reduces plaque and gingivitis by ____%

A

Low substantivity

14% plaque
24% gingivitis

19
Q

Sanguinarine reduces plaque and gingivitis by _____%

A

17-42% plaque

18-57% gingivitis

20
Q

Antiformin is what? Used for?

A

Sodium hypochlorite

Subgingival irrigation

21
Q

Antiformin problems

A

Odor
Need fresh solutions
Bleaching surfaces
Corrosion of metals

22
Q

Why does stannous fluoride work?

A

Tin ion

23
Q

Stannous fluoride uses

A

Reduce gingivitis (not plaque)

Subgingival irrigant

24
Q

Triclosan reduces plaque and gingivitis by ____?

A

20% gingivitis

25% plaque

25
Q

Results expected for local drug delivery systems

A

2mm+ improvement in PD or CAL in 30-40% of treated sites

26
Q

4 types of delivery devices

A

1) Fibers w/ tetracycline
2) Biodegradable films of hydrolyzed gelatins
3) Liquid biodegradable polymer that hardens on placement
4) Bioabsorbable microencapsulated microsphere

27
Q

What is Actisite?

How is it used?

A

25% tetracycline hydrochloride woven fibers (12mg Tetracycline)

Placed 1mm subgingivally and sealed with isocyanoacrylate

28
Q

What is Periochip?

How is it used?

A

2.5mg CHX 4x5mm

Self retentive in pockets 5mm+ PD

29
Q

Periochip post-op instructions

A

No brush or floss for 7 days

BID CHX rinse

30
Q

What is Atridox?

How is used?

A

Doxycycline gel polymer

Mix 2 syringes, hardens after placement and lasts for 7 days

31
Q

Atridox clinical results

A

Equal to SRP

32
Q

What is Arestin?

How is it used?

A

Minocycline microspheres in a bioabsorbable polymer gel

Placed in sulcus

33
Q

Arestin post-op instructions

A

No brush for 24 hours

No floss for 10 days

34
Q

Arestin clinical results

A

Arestin + SRP better than SRP alone

35
Q

% of Metronidazole gel used?

How is it used?

A

25%

Not in US

No more effective than SRP

36
Q

% of Minocycline gel used?

How is it used?

A

2%

Not in US. When used with SRP, more effective than SRP alone but no more effective than other adjuncts

37
Q

CHX reduces plaque and gingivitis by _____?

A

50-55% plaque

45% gingivitis

38
Q

What solution is Povidone Iodine used in?

A

5%

39
Q

Triclosan MOA

A

Inhibit bacterial adhesion

Anti-inflammatory

40
Q

Actisite post-op instructions

A

No brush/floss

CHX rinse 2 weeks

Textbook (17 decks)

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