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PHARM 110 > 16 - Joints > Flashcards

16 - Joints Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Function of Joints?

A
  • Give skeleton mobility
  • Hold skeleton together
  • More of an either or, not good at both at the same time
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2
Q

What are the 3 Structural Classifications of Joints?

A
  1. Fibrous
  2. Cartilaginous
  3. Synovial
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2
Q

What are the 3 Functional Classifications of Joints?

A
  1. Synarthroses - immovable
  2. Amphiarthroses - slightly moveable
  3. Diarthroses - freely moveable
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3
Q

Examples of Fibrous Joints

A
  • Suture - skull sutures, synarthrotic
  • Syndesmosis - ligament connecting tibia & fibula, amphiarthrotic
  • Gomphosis - periodontal ligament, synarthrotic
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4
Q

Examples of Cartilaginous Joints

A
  • synchondroses - epiphysial plate, synarthrotic
  • symphyses - pubic symphysis, amphiarthrotic
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5
Q

What are 6 distinguishing features of synovial joints?

A
  1. Articular cartilage
  2. Joint (synovial) cavity
  3. Synovial fluid
  4. Articular (joint) capsule
  5. Rich nerve & blood supply
  6. Reinforcing ligaments
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6
Q

What is a Nonaxial Synovial Joint?

A
  • Plane joint
  • Ex. intercarpal joints
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7
Q

What are Uniaxial Synovial Joints?

A
  • Hinge joint - elbow joint
  • Pivot joint - proximal radioulnar joints
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8
Q

What are Biaxial Synovial Joints?

A
  • Condylar joint - metacarpophalangeal joint
  • Saddle joint - carpometacarpal joints of thumb
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9
Q

What are Multiaxial Synovial Joints?

A
  • ball and socket - shoulder joints
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10
Q

What is the temporomandibular joint?

A
  • modified hinge joint (hinge + gliding)
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11
Q

What is the Hip (Coxal) joint & its features?

A
  • ball & socket joint
  • head of femur articulates w/ acetabulum
  • acetabulum labrum - enhances depth of socket
  • 3 ligaments - iliofemoral ligament, ischiofemoral ligament, & pubofemoral ligament
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12
Q

What is the Shoulder (Glenohumoral) joint and its features?

A
  • ball & socket joint
  • head of humerus & glenoid fossa of scapula
  • glenoid labrum - deepen rim
  • stability is sacrificed for greater freedom of movement
  • coracohumeral ligament - support weight of upper limb
  • reinforcing mucles tendons - Biceps + rotator cuff tendons
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13
Q

What is the Knee joint and its features?

A
  • most complex joint
  • 3 joints surrounded by a single joint cavity - Femoropatellar joint + lateral & medial tibiofemoral joints
  • lots of bursa
  • quadriceps tendon -> lateral & medial patellar retinacula, patellar ligament
  • Capsular & extracapsular ligaments - help prevent excessive movements
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14
Q

What is the Unhappy triad in Knee injuries?

A
  • knee injury from a blow laterally
  • can tear ACL, MCL & LCL
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PHARM 110 (12 decks)

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