16 Haematopoiesis Flashcards
Growth factor for rbc maturation? (erythrocyte)
Erythropoietin
Growth factor for megakaryocyte maturation?
thrombopoietin
Growth factor for neutrophil maturation?
G-CSF (Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor)
Growth factor for lymphocyte maturation?
Interleukins
Haematopoietic stem cell?
self renewal. able to differentiate into specialised cells can mobilise into the peripheral blood. can also undergo apoptosis.
rbc
take o2 from lungs to tissues where its needed. made up of Hb and iron. Anaemia: iron deficient
haem molecule
2 alpha subunits/chains, two beta chains/subunits
biconcave, flexible lipd bilayer. no nucleus, no organelles to maximise carriage of Hb/O2/CO2
haem in infants
alpha and gamma
Thallaseamia
inherited disorder where haem subunits are mutated so less haem in rbc so anaemic. therefore need frequent blood transfusions.
sickle cell
mutation in haemoglobin so shape of rbc change and carry less o2. severe pain.
wbc types:
eosinophils: inflamm asthma neutrophils basophils: granulated monocytes: ie macrophases when in tissue. antigen presenting lymphocytes: antigen presenting
Lymphocyte types
B cells: produce Ab
T cells: recognise foreign bodies and directly kill them. can inhibit immune response.
NK cells: identifies cells that need to apoptose. identify cancer and viral cells.
Platelets
help repair vessel breaks. its a surface for clotting factors to make definitive clot on.
plasma clotting cascade
cascade of proteins that lead to activation of proteins that help to repair/ form a clot.
Too much- high blood counts
polycythemia: rbc
Leukaemia: wbc
Thrombocythemia: platelets
