1.6 ATP

Question 1

Structure

Answer 1

Ribose, a molecule of adenine and 3 phosphate groups

Nucleotide derivative (modified form of nucleotide)

Structure same as ADP, minus a phosphate

Question 2

ATP hydrolysis

Answer 2

ATP > ADP + Pi

Catalysed by enzyme ATP hydrolyse

Can be coupled to energy requiring reactions within cells to provide energy for active transport, protein synthesis etc

Energy released when bonds between inorganic phosphate groups broken

Inorganic phosphate released can be used to phosphorylate other compounds e.g. glucose, often making them more reactive (lowers activation energy)

Question 3

ATP condensation

Answer 3

ADP + Pi > ATP

Catalysed by the enzyme ATP synthase

Happens during respiration or photosynthesis

Also called phosphorylation of ADP

Question 4

Properties of ATP

Answer 4

Cannot be stored

Releases energy in small, manageable amounts (so no energy wasted)

Only one bond is hydrolysed to release energy, making energy release immediate