15.20 Fire Protection Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 major types of turbine failures?

A

Thermodynamic.
Mechanical.

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2
Q

What is a fire zone?

A

A zone designated by the manufacturer to require fire detection and/or fire extinguishing equipment.

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3
Q

What does a thermodynamic turbine failure cause?

A

Reduces the proportion of air used to cool down combustion temperature.

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4
Q

A thermodynamic turbine failure can be caused by ice, what effect could this have?

A

Severe overheating.

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5
Q

What is a mechanical turbine failure?

A

A fractured or thrown blade.

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6
Q

Due to a mechanical failure, what can cause a burn through of the tail cone?

A

High flow of fuel through an improperly adjusted fuel nozzel.

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7
Q

What are the 3 fire detectors used?

A

Overheat.
Rate of temperature rise.
Flame.

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8
Q

Do engines have a common fire detection system?

A

No, separate for each engine.

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9
Q

What are the 2 most common type of fire detection systems?

A

Spot detectors.
Continuous loop system.

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10
Q

How does a spot detector system work?

A

Uses individual sensors to monitor a fire zone.

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11
Q

What does a continuous loop detection system use?

A

Uses several loop type sensors.

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12
Q

Where are thermal switch systems used?

A

On older aircraft.

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13
Q

How are thermal switches connected in a circuit?

A

In parallel with each other.
In series with indicator lights.

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14
Q

How does a thermal switch system work?

A

Heat sensitive units complete a circuit at a set temp.

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15
Q

What does a thermocouples system depend on?

A

Depends on rate of temperature rise.

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16
Q

Will a thermocouples system give a warning if an engine slowly overheats?

A

No

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17
Q

How does a thermocouples system work?

A

Produces a voltage because of a temperature difference between a hot and reference junction.

18
Q

What controls the warning lights in a thermocouple system?

A

Relays.

19
Q

What are the 2 types of optical fire detectors?

A

Infrared and ultraviolet.

20
Q

Where are infrared optical fire detection systems used?

A

On light turboprop aircraft and helicopters.

21
Q

What does a pneumatic thermal fire detection system consist of?

A

A closed helium filled tube

22
Q

What does the pneumatic fire detection system respond to?

A

An overall average temp threshold.
And a localised discrete temp increase.

23
Q

What is the purpose of the integrity pressure switch in a pneumatic fire detection system?

A

Triggers a fault alarm in case of a leak.

24
Q

What is the average temp sensing range?

A

200 to 700 F
93 to 271 C

25
Q

What is the discrete temp sensing range?

A

1100 for 5s

26
Q

Are the average and discrete temp sensing systems reversible?

A

Yes

27
Q

What are the pneumatic systems called?

A

Lingberg,
Systron donner,
Meggit

28
Q

What are the continuous loop systems called?

A

Kiddie and Fenwall

29
Q

How is the fenwall system made?

A

An inconel tube packed with a eutectic salt and a nickel centre conductor.

30
Q

How do fenwall and kidde systems respond to a fire?

A

Resistance drops.

31
Q

How does a Kidde system differ from fenwall?

A

Additional conductor connected to the ground.

32
Q

How is a fire system test actuated?

A

By a test switch in the flight deck.

33
Q

How many discharges does an engine fire detection system have?

A

2

34
Q

What are fixed fire extinguishing agents designed to do?

A

Dilute the atmosphere with an inert agent.

35
Q

What fire extinguishing agent is used?

A

Halon 1301.

36
Q

What are container fire bottles pressurised with?

A

Nitrogen.

37
Q

What shape are container fire bottles usually?

A

Spherical.

38
Q

What is intalled in a discharge valve?

A

Cartridge squib.
Frangible disc.

39
Q

In a standard discharge valve, What ruptures a segmented closure disc?

A

A slug driven by explosive energy.

40
Q

How is pressure of fire bottles indicated?

A

Visually, typically a Bourden type indicator.

41
Q

How is a thermal bottle discharge indicated?

A

Red discharge indicator.

42
Q

How is a normal bottle discharge indicated?

A

Yellow discharge indicator.