15 - pH Examples, Causes and Responses PPT (QUIZ 4) Flashcards
Bicarb- why does it decrease or increase?
- Decreases due to decreased absorption
- Increases due to increased protons from acids
What’re some examples of high acid buildup that would increase bicarb?
- Lactic acidosis
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Eating organic acid by “accident”
Less bicarb means a ________ anion gap.
higher
Name two situations where anion gap stays normal.
- Severe diarrhea
- Type 2 renal tubular acidosis
How does the body respond to high amounts of protons?
By moving H+ ions from the blood and into cells
How do the H+ ions get into the cell?
Exchanging a H+ for a K+
(H/K exchanger)
What helps to move more CO2 out of the body to increase a low pH?
Increased respiration
What is an example of a metabolic alkalosis cause? This is when bicarb builds up in the blood
Vomiting
What three causes bring about more bicarb?
- Diuretics
- Severe dehydration
- Antacids
What can help to decrease a high pH?
Decreased respiration AKA keeping more CO2
What’re NINE examples of respiratory acidosis?
- Stroke
- Overdose (opioids and barbituates)
- Myasthenia gravis
- Severe trauma
- Obesity
- Airway obstruction
- COPD
- Pneumonia
- Pulmonary edema
Basically anything that restricts the act of breathing
The body keeps CO2
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How do the kidneys respond to respiratory acidosis?
Reabsorbing more bicarb
What are EIGHT examples of respiratory alkalosis?
- Hypoxia (low O2)
- Pulmonary embolism
- High altitude
- Anxiety/panic attacks
- Sepsis
- Salicylate overdose
- Brainstem disorders
- Iatrogenic reasons
The lungs are getting rid of too much CO2
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How do the kidneys respond to respiratory alkalosis?
Excreting more bicarb
