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Human Anatomy- Musculoskeletal > 1.5- Bones > Flashcards

1.5- Bones Flashcards

1
Q

Label the bones (excluding the cephalic region), the number of each type, their structural classification, and whether they contain red bone marrow which produces red blood cells (haematopoiesis)

A
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2
Q

Label the bones of the skull

A
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3
Q

Label the sutures and corners of the skull

A
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4
Q

Outline the bones forming the coronal joint, their structural classifications, and the movements/functions they permit

A

Coronal Suture

Parietal bones
Frontal bone

Fibrous: Suture

Stability to protect the brain
Enables small movements useful for birth and brain growth

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5
Q

Outline the bones forming the sagittal joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Sagittal Suture

Left and right parietal bones

Fibrous: Suture

Stability to protect the brain
Enables small movements useful for birth and brain growth

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6
Q

Outline the bones forming the atlanto-occipital joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Atlanto-Occipital

Atlas/1st Cervical Vertebrae
Occipital

Synovial: Condyloid/Ellipsoid

  • *Sagittal:** Flex/Ext
  • *Coronal:** Side-bending (usually Abduction/Adduction)
  • *Combination:** Circumduction
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7
Q

Outline the bones forming the atlanto-axial joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Atlanto-Axial

Atlas/1st Cervical Vertebrae
Axis/2nd Cervical Vertebrae

Synovial: Pivot

Transverse: Rotation of atlas around the axis’ projection

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8
Q

Outline the bones forming the facet / zygapophysial joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Facet / Zygapophysial

Vertebrae superior and inferior articular facets
NOT between vertebral bodies

Synovial: Planar

  • *Sagittal:** Flexion/Extension
  • *Coronal:** Side-bending (usually abduction.adduction)
  • *Transverse:** Left/right Rotation
  • *Combination:** Circumduction
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9
Q

Outline the bones forming the interbody joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Interbody

Between Vertebrae

Cartilaginous: Symphyses/Secondary Cartilaginous

Shock absorption
Weight bearing
A little movement (interbodies can have a little movement as a treat)

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10
Q

Outline the bones forming the sternoclavicular joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Sternoclavicular

Sternum
Clavicle

Synovial: Saddle

  • *Sagittal:** Flexion/Extension
  • *Coronal:** Abduction/Adduction
  • *Other:** Circumduction, Protraction/Retraction
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11
Q

Outline the bones forming the acromioclavicular joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Acromioclavicular

Acromion process of scapula
Clavicle

Synovial: Plane

  • *Sagittal:** Flexion/Extension
  • *Coronal:** Abduction/Adduction
  • *Transverse:** Rotation
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12
Q

Outline the bones forming the glenohumeral joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Glenohumeral/Shoulder

Scapula
Humerus

Synovial- Ball and Socket

  • *Sagittal:** Flexion/Extension
  • *Coronal:** Abduction/Adduction
  • *Transverse:** Medial and Lateral Rotation

Other: Circumduction, contributes to Pronation/Supination

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13
Q

Outline the bones forming the elbow joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Elbow

Humerus
Ulna
Radius

Synovial: Complex hinge

Sagittal: Flexion/Extension

ALSO transverse: Rotation

Other: Contributes to Pronation/Supination

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14
Q

Outline the bones forming the radioulnar joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Radioulnar

Radius
Ulna

Cartilaginous: Syndesmosis

Ensures radius and ulna move together
Site of muscle attachment

Involved in pronation/supination

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15
Q

Outline the bones forming the radiocarpal joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Radiocarpal

Radius
Carpals

Synovial: Condyloid/Ellipsoid

  • *Sagittal:** Flexion/Extension
  • *Coronal:** Abduction/Adduction
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16
Q

Outline the bones forming the intercarpal joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Intercarpal

Carpals

Synovial: Plane

  • *Sagittal:** Flexion/Extension
  • *Coronal:** Abduction/Adduction
  • *Transverse:** Medial/Lateral Rotation
17
Q

Outline the bones forming the 1st carpometacarpal joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

1st Carpometacarpal

Carpal (trapezium)
 Lateral metacarpal (thumb)

Synovial: Saddle

  • *Sagittal:** Flexin/Extension
  • *Coronal:** Abduction/Adduction
  • *Other:** Circumduction, Opposition/Reposition
18
Q

Outline the bones forming the carpometacarpal joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Carpometacarpal

Carpals
Metacarpals

Synovial: Condyloid/Ellipsoid

  • *Sagittal:** Flexion/Extension
  • *Coronal:** Abduction/Adduction
  • *Other:** Circumduction, Opposition/Reposition
19
Q

Outline the bones forming the metacarpophalangeal joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Metacarpophalangeal

Metacarpals
Proximal Phalanges

Synovial: Hinge

Sagittal: Flexion/Extension

20
Q

Outline the bones forming the interphalangeal joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Interphalangeal

Phalanges

Synovial: Hinge

Sagittal: Flexion/Extension

21
Q

Outline the bones forming the sacroiliac joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Sacroiliac

Sacrum
Ilium of the Os Coxae (ears of the os coxae mouse lemur)

An atypical synovial joint formed by fibrocartilage rather than hyaline cartilage

Limited movement
Supports weight

22
Q

Outline the bones forming the pubic symphysis joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Pubic Symphysis

Pubises of the Os Coxae

Cartilaginous: Symphyses/secondary cartilaginous

Shock absorption
Enable more movement during childbirth

23
Q

Outline the bones forming the hip/acetabulofemoral joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Hip/Acetabulofemoral

Os coxae acetabulum
Femur head

Synovial: Ball and Socket

  • *Sagittal:** Flexion/Extension
  • *Coronal:** Abduction/Adduction
  • *Transverse:** Medial/Lateral Rotation
24
Q

Outline the bones forming the knee joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Knee/Tibiofemoral

Femur
Tibia
Patella

Synovial: Hinge

Sagittal: Flexion/Extension

25
Q

Outline the bones forming the superior tibiofibular joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Superior Tibiofibular

Superior Tibia
Superior Fibula

Synovial: Plane

Proximal- Synovial: Plane
Shaft- Fibrous: Syndesmosis
Distal- Fibrous: Syndesmosis

  • *Sagittal:** Flexion/Extension
  • *Coronal:** Abduction/Adduction
  • *Transverse:** Rotation
26
Q

Outline the bones forming the shaft/middle tibiofibular joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Middle Tibiofibular

Tibia Shaft
Fibula Shaft

Fibrous: Syndesmosis

Interosseous membrane between long bones
Ensures tibia and fibula move together

27
Q

Outline the bones forming the inferior tibiofibular joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Inferior Tibiofibular

Inferior Tibia
Inferior Fibula

Fibrous Syndesmosis

Interosseous membrane between long bones
Ensures tibia and fibula move together

28
Q

Outline the bones forming the ankle/talocrural joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Ankle/Talocrural (talus-crural)

Tibia
Fibula
Talus

Synovial: Hinge

Sagittal: Plantarflexion/Dorsiflexion (usually flexion/extension)

29
Q

Outline the bones forming the metatarsophalangeal joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Metatarsophalangeal

Metatarsals
Proximal Phalanges

Synovial: Condyloid/Ellipsoid

  • *Sagittal:** Flexion/Extension
  • *Coronal:** Abduction/Adduction
  • *Other:** Circumduction
30
Q

Outline the bones forming the interphalangeal joint, its structural classification, and its movements/function

A

Interphalangeal

Phalanges

Synovial: Hinge

Sagittal: Flexion/Extension

31
Q

Label the carpals

A

CARPAL NAME

WAY TO REMEMBER

1

Scaphoid

Some

2

Lunate

Lovers

3

Triquetrum

Try

4

Pisiform

Positions

5

Trapezium

That

6

Trapezoid

They

7

Capitate

Can’t

8

Hamate

Handle

32
Q

Label the tarsals

A

TARSAL NAME

WAY TO REMEMBER

1

Talus

Tiger

2

Calcaneus

Cubs

3

Navicular

Need

4

Medial Cuneiform

M

5

Intermediate Cuneiform

I

6

Lateral Cuneiform

L

7

Cuboid

C

33
Q

Classify the following bones as being of the cranium/neurocranium or facial skeleton/viscerocranium

  1. Ethmoid
  2. Frontal
  3. Inferior nasal conchae
  4. Lacrimal
  5. Mandible
  6. Maxilla
  7. Nasal
  8. Occipital
  9. Parietal
  10. Palatine
  11. Sphenoid
  12. Temporal
  13. Vomer
  14. Zygomatic
A
  1. Ethmoid- Cranium
  2. Frontal- Cranium
  3. Inferior nasal conchae- Facial
  4. Lacrimal- Facial
  5. Mandible- Facial
  6. Maxilla- Facial
  7. Nasal- Facial
  8. Occipital- Cranium
  9. Parietal- Cranium
  10. Palatine- Facial
  11. Sphenoid- Cranium
  12. Temporal- Cranium
  13. Vomer- Facial
  14. Zygomatic- Facial
34
Q

What is the function(s) of the styloid process?

A

Processes are long slender projections of bone to which tendons/muscles, ligaments, and other connective tissues attach. Therefore, the styloid process is a slender projection of bone from the inferior surface of the temporal bone which is the site of attachment for muscles and ligaments.

35
Q

What is the function(s) of the foramen magnum?

A

A foramen is an opening/hole in a bone through which blood vessels and nerves pass. Therefore, the foramen magnum is a large opening in the occipital bone of the skull for the spinal cord to pass through into the vertebral canal.

36
Q

Describe the location and function(s) of the occipital condyles

A

A condyle is a large, rounded articular prominence for joint formation. Therefore, the occipital condyles are located on the external, inferior surface of the occipital bone, lateral to the foramen magnum. They articulate with the first cervical vertebra to form the atlanto-occipital joint, a synovial condyloid/ellipsoid joint which flexes and extends, and right/left side-bends the head.

Human Anatomy- Musculoskeletal (19 decks)

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