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2021-2022 GI Review Rearr > 144b - Nutrition > Flashcards

144b - Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Deficiency of which vitamin is associated with magenta tongue?

A

Riboflavin (B2)

Also look for splitting of lips, sores at the corners of mouths

B12 deficiency causes swollen tongue; will also see megaloblastic anemia, neuropathy, ataxia, memory changes, personality changes

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2
Q

Deficiency of which vitamin is associated with pellagra?

What is pellagra?

A

Niacin (B3)

Pellagra = Diarrhea, dementia, dermatitis -> Death

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3
Q

What kind of anemia is associated with iron deficiency

A

Hypochromic, microcytic anemia

(cells are pale and small)

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4
Q

List 4 signs/symptoms of vitamin A deficiency

A
  • Bitot spots (keratin buildup)
  • Conjunctival changes
  • Night blindenss
  • Corneal ulceration

I’m Blind! I Can Not C U!

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5
Q

List 2 signs of vitamin D deficiency

A
  • Bony abnormalities
  • Muscle weakness, pain
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6
Q

What micronutrients need special attention when a patinet starts on a gluten free diet?

Why?

A
  • Folic acid
  • Iron
  • B vitamins

They are normally fortified into cereal/bread products, but not required by to be fortified into gluten free alternatives

(In addition, we worry about iron, B, and ADEK absorption in anyone with celiac disease)

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7
Q

A 30-year old female was recently diagnosed with celiac disease and has started on a gluten free diet. She reports that she would like to get pregnant and is asking for nutrition advice on what vitamins she needs to take to prepare her body for pregnancy. What do you suggest?

  1. Prenatal vitamins and a blood work to check CBC and iron panel along with serum folate, B12 and vitamin D
  2. Prenatal vitamins only as they are a good source of extra vitamins needed in celiac disease
  3. Digestive enzymes, B-complex, multivitamin and iron supplement
A

a. Prenatal vitamins and a blood work to check CBC and iron panel along with serum folate, B12 and vitamin D

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8
Q

List 4 extra-intestinal symtpoms of Celiac disease

A
  • Iron-deficiency anemia
  • Loss of bone mineral density
  • Infertility
  • Dermatitis herpetiformis
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9
Q

What kind of anemia is associated with B12 deficiency?

A

Pernicious anemia

(A type of megaloblastic anemia; large, immature, dysfunctional RBCs)

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10
Q

Describe the cutaneous manifestation of zinc deficiency

A

Skin rashes - painful, scaly on palms and soles of feet

Refractory to prednisone

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11
Q

Which nutrients are pancreatitis patients most at risk of malabsorbing?

A
  • Carbohydrates
  • Fats
  • Fat soluble vitamins (ADEK)
  • Zinc
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12
Q

List 3 “types” of patients with zinc deficiency

A
  • IBD
  • Pancreatitis
  • Gastric bypass with inadequate nutrition since
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13
Q

Which nutrient deficiency is associated with pica?

A

Iron deficiency

(Pica = ingestion of nonfood items like ice, dirt, clay)

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14
Q

Which vitamin deficiencies can result in megaloblastic anemia?

A

B12, folic acid

Need to check both! Folic acid supplementation will mask symptoms of B12 deficiency, but will not solve the underlying problem

(homocystine buildup; cannot conver to methionine without B12)

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15
Q

Which micronutrients are at risk for deficiency in patients with celiac disease?

A

B vitamins

Fat soluble vitamins (ADEK)

Iron

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16
Q

A 40 year old male has Eosinophilic Esophagitis and has started on a six food elimination diet protocol to treat his food allergies where he removes wheat, dairy, eggs, soy, nuts and fish. He likes to exercise regularly and is concerned about having a healthy diet. What macronutrients and micronutrients are you concerned could be lacking from this restricted diet?

A

Fiber

Proetin

Vitamin D

B vitamens

17
Q

List the 3 forms of Vitaimin B1 deficiency

A

Thiamine = vitamin B1

  • Dry beriberi
    • Increased cardiac output -> Kidneys retain fluid -> edema
  • Wet beriberi
    • Peripheral neuropathy
  • Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (cerebral beriberi)
    • Confusion, impaired memory
    • Confabulation
    • Ataxia
    • Disordered eye movements
18
Q

What vitamins and minerals do gastric bypass patients need to supplement with either food or oral supplements due to anatomical changes?

A

Anything normally absorbed in the stomach, duodenum, and proximal jejunum

  • Iron
  • Folate
  • B12
    • Absorbed in the ilium, but needs to interact with IF in the stomach
  • ADEK (fat soluble)
19
Q

List 3 signs/symptoms of iron deficiency

A
  • Pica
    • Eating non-food items (ice, dirt, clay)
  • Spoon nails (koilonychia)
  • Anemia (hypochromic, microcytic)
20
Q

Toxicity of which vitamin can cause elevated liver function tests?

A

Vitamin A toxicity

2021-2022 GI Review Rearr (38 decks)

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