132b - Histology of the GI System Flashcards

1
Q

Which parts of the GI tract contain goblet cells?

A

Small and large intestine

(more abundant in the large intestine)

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2
Q

Where in the GI tract is this?

A

Ileum

Has Peyer’s Patches (lymphoid follicles)

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3
Q

Which part of the stomach stains brown with an immunostain for gastrin?

Why?

A

Antrum

  • Gastrin is produced by G cells
  • Only found in the antrum of the stomach
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4
Q

What common feature is present in the regions of the digestive system covered by stratified squamous epithelium?

A

They are closely associated with the ouside environment and stressors

  • Oral cavity
  • Esophagus
  • Anal canal
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5
Q

Where in the GI tract are Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses found?

What are they?

A

Gallbladder

Invaginations of the gallbladder epithelium (simple columnar) that extend toward the smooth muscle layer

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6
Q

What is secreted by the Islets of Langerhans of the pancreas? (3)

A
  • Insulin
  • Glucagon
  • Somatostatin
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7
Q

What is the histologic hallmark of the duodenum?

A

Brunner glands

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8
Q

Describe the flow of bile

A
  • Produced by hepatocytes
  • -> R and L hepatic ducts
  • -> Common hepatic duct
  • -> Cystic duct
  • -> Gallbladder
    • Stored here until it is needed
  • -> Cystic duct
  • -> Common bile duct
  • -> Through the Ampula of Valter
  • -> Sphincter of Oddi
  • -> Duodenum
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9
Q

Where in the GI tract is this?

A

Stomach - gastric surface epithelium

  • Simple columnar epithelium
  • No goblet cells
    • Goblet cells in the stomach = intestinal metaplasia
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10
Q

Which structure is the bile duct?

A

A

  • Slightly bigger than the artery, apparently
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11
Q

What are the 3 layers of the mucosa?

A

Epithelium

Lamina propria

Muscularis mucosa

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12
Q

What is the difference between adventitia and serosa?

A
  • Serosa covers the organs that move freely inside a cavity
  • Adventitia covers the organs that are bound to the surrounding structures

Both serve as the outermost histologic layer of GI tract organs

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13
Q

What color will chief cells be on an H&E stain?

A

Chief cells will be purple/blue (basophilic)

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14
Q

Which organs of the GI tract contain secretory mucosa?

A

Stomach

(The mucosa secretes enzymes; in the SI, enzymes are secreted by the pancreatic cells, not the mucosa)

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15
Q

What color will parietal cells be on an H&E stain?

Why?

A

Parietal cells will be pink (eosinophilic)

Pink = many mitochondria;
parietal cells need these to make ATP for the H+/K+ ATPase

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16
Q

Where in the GI tract is this?

A

Jejunum

  • No Brunner’s glands (duodenum) or Peyer’s patches (ileum)
  • Has plica circularis
    • Most prominent in distal duodenum and jejunum
17
Q

Where in the GI tract are goblet cells most abundant?

A

Large intestine

(But found throughout the small and large intestine)

18
Q

Which structure is the hepatic artery?

A

B

19
Q

What is the histologic hallmark of the Ileum?

A

Peyer’s patches

20
Q

What is the difference between plica circulares and villi?

A
  • Villi are smaller, core is mucosa
  • Plica circulares are larger, core is submucosa
21
Q

Describe the blood flow to and through the liver

A
  • Portal vein (75%) and Hepatic artery (25%) supply the liver
  • -> Sinusoids (space between hepatocytes)
    • Sinusoids may be blocked by cirrhosis
  • -> Central vein
  • -> Hepatic vein
  • -> Inferior vena cava
22
Q

Which structure is the portal vein?

A

C

23
Q

Which part of the GI tract contains crypts but no villi?

A

Large intestine

24
Q

Which strucutre is the hepatic vein?

A

D