1.4 - The musculoskeletal system & Movement analysis Flashcards
Where is a joint formed?
Where two or more bones meet.
How are joints classified?
By how much movement they allow.
What are the 3 types of joints?
fibrous or fixed joints
cartilaginous or slightly moveable joints
synovial or moveable joints
What does articulating mean?
Refers to the bones that meet and move at the joint.
In which direction does a ball and socket joint allow movement?
Every direction.
How is a ball and socket joint formed?
By the round head of one bone fitting into the cup-shaped capsule of the connecting bone.
What are some examples of a ball and socket joint?
Hip and shoulder.
What are the articulating bones of the hip?
Femur and pelvis.
What are the articulating bones of the shoulder?
Humerus and scapula.
In which direction does a hinge joint allow movement?
Only in one direction due to the shape of the bones making up the joint.
What are some examples of hinge joints?
Ankle, knee and elbow.
What are the articulating bones of the ankle?
Talus, tibia and fibula.
What are the articulating bones of the knee?
Femur and tibia.
What are the articulating bones of the elbow?
Humerus, radius and ulna.
What is the sagittal plane?
The vertical plane which divides the body into right and left halves.
What is the frontal plane?
The vertical plane that divides the body into front and back halves.
What is the transverse plane?
Divides the body into upper and lower halves.
What is the transverse axis?
Runs from side to side across the body.
What is the sagittal axis?
Runs from front to back.
What is the longitudinal axis?
Runs from top to bottom.
What movements occur in a sagittal plane about a transverse axis?
Flexion, extension, plantar-flexion, dorsi-flexion and hyper-extension.
What movements occur in a frontal plane about a sagittal axis?
Abduction and adduction.
What movements occur in a transverse plane about a longitudinal axis?
Horizontal abduction and adduction.
What is flexion?
Decreasing the angle between the bones of a joint.
