14. Respiration & photosynthesis

Question 1

Explain the Warburg effect

Answer 1

Some forms of cancer cells convert glucose into pyruvate and even when O_{<u>2 </u>}present - will convert into lactate (not understood why but maybe more rapid production of ATP) → target to slow the Warburg effect to treat cancer

Question 2

What are the targets for higher photosynthesis

Answer 2

To increase crop yields as the populations is rapidly increasing

• modify plant shape for higher exposure
• improve the size of chloroplasts
• minimise damage to plants (?)
• improve C fixing
• improve the photosythetic pathway (higher rubisco yield - make more stable / increase reactivity)