1.4 Proteins Flashcards
What is an amino acid?
The monomer from which proteins are made
What is an amine group?
The NH2 groups of amino acid
What is the carboxylic group?
The COOH group of amino acid
What is a peptide bond?
The bond formed by condensation of amino acid
What is a dipeptide?
A chain of two amino acid
What is the polypeptide?
A chain of amino acid
What is the primary structure?
A sequence of amino acid is in the chain
What is the secondary structure?
Chain of amino acid’s folded into an alpha helix or a beta pleated sheet
What is the tertiary structure?
The folding and twisting to form a 3-D shape
What is the disulphide bridge?
A covalent bond between two sulphur molecules
What is an ionic bond
An attraction due to a strong difference in electronegativity
What is a hydrogen bond?
A bond between hydrogen and FON
What is the hydrophobic interaction?
Change colour go round the hydrophobic groups preventing water interaction
What is the quaternary structure?
The joining of multiple polypeptides to create a complex protein
What is a non-essential amino acid?
And amino acid which is made by the body
What is on essential amino acid?
And amino acid which needs to be taken in the diet
What is the fibrous protein?
A long thin insoluble twisting train
What is a globular proteins?
Are soluble and compact bundle
What is an enzyme?
It’s protein which catalyses of the reactions
What is a competitive inhibitor
It prevents the substrate binding by binding to the active site of the enzyme
What is a non-competitive inhibitor?
It prevents the substrate binding by changing the active site by binding elsewhere
What is a complex?
When 2 molecules which are complimentary combined
What is an active site?
The region of the enzyme a substrate binds
What is the lock and key model?
A model of how enzymes work suggesting rigid molecules bind together
What is the induced fit model?
The model of how enzymes work suggesting that molecules change of flex like a hand in a glove
