14. Foreign Policy Under Edward + Mary

Question 1

What were Edward Seymour’s Foreign Policy aims?

Answer 1

aims to unite Scotland and England by marrying Edward and Mary QoS:

Question 2

What were the Key features of Seymour’s Foreign Policy?

Answer 2

• Defeated Scotland at Battle of Pinkie so southern Scotland came under English rule (8,000 Scots died)
• Built garrisons (forts) to govern but were too costly and so couldn’t capture Dunbar + Edinburgh,
• France came to the aid of Scotland and evacuated Mary QoS who married French Dauphin (heir to throne) under treaty of Haddington. This left Seymour in a vulnerable position as he hadn’t carried out aims, lost money and had threat of French invasion

Question 3

What were the key features of Dudley’s Foreign Policy?

Answer 3

• aim to reduce economic damage
• 1550 Treaty of Boulogne gave it back to France for £133,333
• Marriage alliance between Edward and French Princess Elizabeth of Valois
• Treaty of Northam 1551 ended war with Scots and withdrew troops whilst abandoning garrison forts (expensive).

Question 4

Under Mary what was her first Foreign Policy aim and what were the features of it?

Answer 4

Restore relations with Pope = 1555 Act of Repeal repealed all anti papal legislation under previous monarchs, new Pope Paul IV hated cardinal Pole (archbishop) which made relations difficult.

Question 5

What was her second aim and what the key features of it?

Answer 5

• Marriage Alliance = 1554 marriage alliance with Spain caused Wyatt rebellion with support of 1,500 men, faced opposition in parliament as they didn’t want a Spanish King + Mary’s 2 phantom pregnancies.

Question 6

What was Mary’s third foreign policy aim and what were it’s features?

Answer 6

Maintain Peace = due to marriage with Spain she was obliged to help Spain defeat papal states (Pope who she allied), failed miserably to retake Calais with invasion on Brest 1558.