13. Electricity & current

Question 1

What do positively charged objects attract?

Answer 1

Negative and neutral objects.

Question 2

What are the 3 subatomic particles called?

Answer 2

Proton, neutron, electron.

Question 3

Which subatomic particle is positive and which is negative?

Answer 3

Proton is positive, electron is negative.

Question 4

What does an electric field represent?

Answer 4

The area where a force acts on a charged particle.

Question 5

What usually depicts an electrical charge?

Answer 5

Field lines.

Question 6

What are the 3 rules for drawing electric fields?

Answer 6

1. Draw them out of positive charges and into negative charges. 2. Areas of denser field lines have stronger fields. 3. Field lines can never cross or touch each other.

Question 7

What does Coulomb’s law explain?

Answer 7

The force of attraction of repulsion between 2 charged objects.

Question 8

What is proportional to the amount of energy transferred, and inversely proportional to the magnitude of the test charge?

Answer 8

Electric potential.

Question 9

What is also known as electric potential difference?

Answer 9

Voltage.

Question 10

What is voltage?

Answer 10

The change in electrical potential between two points.

Question 11

Current flows from where to where?

Answer 11

Positive to negative.

Question 12

What is the flow of positive charge around a circuit?

Answer 12

Conventional current.

Question 13

Where does charge flow in a DC current?

Answer 13

In one direction.

Question 14

How does charge flow in an AC current?

Answer 14

It vibrates back and forth.

Question 15

What are the 2 types of current?

Answer 15

AC and DC.

Question 16

What measures how much the object opposes the flow of charge?

Answer 16

Resistance.

Question 17

Whose law explains that voltage across the component is directly proportional to both current and resistance?

Answer 17

Ohm’s law.

Question 18

What is the name of materials that allow electrical current to flow?

Answer 18

Conductors.

Question 19

What is the name of materials that do not allow electrons to flow freely?

Answer 19

Insulators.

Question 20

What are common materials used for conductors?

Answer 20

Copper and aluminium.

Question 21

What are common materials used for insulation?

Answer 21

Rubber and plastic.

Question 22

What is electric power?

Answer 22

The rate at which energy is transferred.

Question 23

How many equations can be used to find power?

Answer 23

3.

Question 24

What shows that current is directly proportional to the density of charge carriers, elementary charge, and area?

Answer 24

Drift velocity.

Question 25

Charge carriers that are free to move travel at what pace compared to the energy transferred?

Answer 25

Slower.

Question 26

What are the two ways to charge an object?

Answer 26

Conduction and induction.

Question 27

Conservation of charge states what?

Answer 27

A charge cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred.

Question 28

What is induction?

Answer 28

Charging a neutral object without touching.

Question 29

What is conduction?

Answer 29

Charging a neutral object through touch.

Question 30

What describes how much stored energy a charge has that can be transformed into kinetic energy?

Answer 30

Electric potential energy.

Question 31

What is electric potential energy directly proportional to?

Answer 31

Electric charge and potential difference.

Question 32

If electric charge is moving in a direction that it would normally move, its electric potential energy is what?

Answer 32

Decreasing.

Question 33

If electric charge is moving in a direction opposite to that it would normally move, its electric potential energy is what?

Answer 33

Increasing.