10. Thermodynamics

Question 1

Why does heat transfer from one object to another?

Answer 1

Because of heat differences.

Question 2

From which object does heat transfer?

Answer 2

From the hotter object to the colder object.

Question 3

What happens to the hotter object during heat transfer?

Answer 3

It gets cooler.

Question 4

What are the 3 main temperature scales?

Answer 4

Kelvin, Celsius, Fahrenheit.

Question 5

in everyday life, which temperature scale is usually used?

Answer 5

Celsius.

Question 6

In physics calculations, which temperature scale is usually used?

Answer 6

Kelvin.

Question 7

What is the freezing point on the Celsius scale?

Answer 7

0 degrees.

Question 8

What is the freezing point on the Kelvin scale?

Answer 8

About 273.

Question 9

What is the boiling point on the Kelvin scale?

Answer 9

About 373.

Question 10

What is the lowest point on the Kelvin scale known as?

Answer 10

Absolute zero.

Question 11

What is thermal energy?

Answer 11

All the energy of atoms responsible for its temperature.

Question 12

What does friction transform?

Answer 12

Other types of energy into heat energy.

Question 13

What are the 3 types of heat transfer?

Answer 13

Conduction, convection, radiation.

Question 14

How does radiation transfer energy?

Answer 14

Through electromagnetic waves.

Question 15

How does convection transfer energy?

Answer 15

Through movement of fluids.

Question 16

How does conduction transfer energy?

Answer 16

Through particle collision.

Question 17

What are the two types of materials in relation to heat transfer?

Answer 17

Conductors and insulators.

Question 18

Which materials are usually good conductors because they have electrons that move freely enough to transfer heat?

Answer 18

Metals.

Question 19

What is a good example of an insulator?

Answer 19

A down filled blanket, because its feathers trap air, making heat transfer difficult.

Question 20

What is specific heat capacity?

Answer 20

It affects how much the temperature of the object will change based on how much energy is gained or lost.

Question 21

What are the 3 states of matter?

Answer 21

Solid, liquid, gas.

Question 22

During which state changes is energy absorbed?

Answer 22

Moving from solid to liquid to gas.

Question 23

During which state changes is energy released?

Answer 23

Moving from gas to liquid to solid.

Question 24

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

Answer 24

Conservation of energy - energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed into different forms.

Question 25

What is the second law of thermodynamics?

Answer 25

A system’s entropy always increases towards a maximum value at equilibrium. In other words, systems become more disordered over time.

Question 26

What is the third law of thermodynamics?

Answer 26

Entropy decreases to a constant value, typically zero, as temperature approaches absolute zero.

Question 27

What is entropy?

Answer 27

The entropy of an object is a measure of the amount of energy which is unavailable to do work.

Question 28

What does the ideal gas law show the relationship of?

Answer 28

Pressure, volume, moles, temperature.