13. Creating and managing teams

Question 1

Group

Answer 1

two or more interacting and interdependent individuals who come together to achieve specific goals.

Question 2

Formal groups

Answer 2

Work groups defined by the organization’s structure that have designated work assignments and tasks.

Question 3

Informal groups

Answer 3

Groups that are independently formed to meet the social needs of their members.

Question 4

Command groups

Answer 4

Groups determined by the organizational chart and composed of individuals who report directly to a given manager

Question 5

Task groups

Answer 5

Groups composed of individuals brought tigether to complete a specific job task; their existence is often temporary becuase when the task is completed, the groups disband

Question 6

Cross-functional teams

Answer 6

Groups that bring together the knowlege and skills of individuals from various work areas or groups whose members have been trained to do each others jobs.

Question 7

Self-managed teams

Answer 7

Groups that are essentially independent and that, in addition to their own tasks, take on traditional managerial responsibilities such as hiring, planning and scheduling, and evaluating performance.

Question 8

Forming stage

Answer 8

the first stage of group development in which people join the group and then define the group’s purpose, structure, and leadership.

Question 9

Storming age

Answer 9

the second stage of group development, characterized by intragroup conflict.

Question 10

Norming age

Answer 10

the third stage of group development, characterized by close relationships and cohesiveness

Question 11

Performing stage

Answer 11

the fourth stage of group development when the group is fully functional and works on group task.

Question 12

Adjourning

Answer 12

the final stage of group development for temporary groups during which group members are concerned with wrapping up activities rather than task performance.

Question 13

Stages of group development

Answer 13

1. Forming
2. Storming
3. Norming
4. Performing
5. Adjourning

Question 14

Why are some groups more successful than others?

Answer 14

• The abilities of the group’s members
• The size of the group
• The level of conflict
• The internal pressures on members to conform to the group’s norms

Question 15

Role (Group Structure)

Answer 15

behavior patterns expected of someone occupying a given position in a social unit.

Question 16

Norms (Group Structure)

Answer 16

standards or expectations that are accepted and shared by a group’s members.

Question 17

Groupthink (Group Structure)

Answer 17

when a group exerts extensive pressure on an individual to align his or her opinion with that of others.

Question 18

Status (Group Structure)

Answer 18

a prestige grading, position, or rank within a group.

Question 19

Social loafing (Group Structure)

Answer 19

the tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually

Question 20

Group cohesiveness (Group Structure)

Answer 20

the degree to which group members are attracted to one another and share the group’s goals.

Question 21

Conflict

Answer 21

preceived incompatible differences that result in interference or opposition

Question 22

Traditional view of conflict

Answer 22

the view that all conflict is bad and must be avoided.

Question 23

Human relations view of conflict

Answer 23

the view that conflict is a natural and inevitable outcome in any group.

Question 24

Interactionist view of conflict

Answer 24

the view that some conflict is necessary for a group to perform effectively.

Question 25

Functional conflicts

Answer 25

conflicts that support a group’s goals and improve its performance.

Question 26

Dysfunctional conflicts

Answer 26

conflicts that prevent a group from achieving its goals

Question 27

Task conflict

Answer 27

conflicts over content and goals of the work.

Question 28

Relationship conflict

Answer 28

conflict based on interpersonal relationships

Question 29

Process conflict

Answer 29

conflict over how work gets done.

Question 30

Work teams

Answer 30

groups whose members work intensely on a specific, common goal using their positive synergy, individual and mutual accountability, and complementary skills.

Question 31

Problem-solving team

Answer 31

a team from the same department or functional area that’s involved in efforts to improve work activities or to solve specific problems.

Question 32

Self-managed work team

Answer 32

a type of work team that operates without a manager and is responsible for a complete work process or segment.

Question 33

Cross-functional team

Answer 33

a work team composed of individuals from various functional specialties.

Question 34

Virtual team

Answer 34

a type of work team that uses technology to link physically dispersed members in order to achieve a common goal.

Question 35

Characteristics of effective Teams

Answer 35

• clear goals
• Relevant skills
• Mutual Trust
• Unified Commitment
• Good communication
• Negotiating Skills
• Appropriate Leadership
• Internal & External support