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03 GI Nutrition > 12a Host defense > Flashcards

12a Host defense Flashcards

0
Q

Lysozyme

A

AMP- hydrolase very good at breaking down cell walls

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1
Q

Bacteriosins

A

Bascally defensins created by good bacteria

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2
Q

Lactoferrin

A

Glycoprotein

  • sequesters iron
  • oxidizes cell walls
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3
Q

Tamm-Horsfall protein

A

Inhibits uropathogenic E.coli from binding urinary epithelium

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4
Q

Epithelial ion transport in the gut

A
  • CFTR expels CL- in response to cAMP/PKA signaling downstream of VIP
  • Driven by 2Cl/K/Na transporter on basolateral side of cell
  • K/Na Atpase pushes sodium back out of the cell
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5
Q

TGF-Beta

A

Inhibits lymphocytes and promotes epithelial division, differrentiation and migration

Promotes IgA differentiation of plasma cells

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6
Q

TLR distribution in the gut

A

Basolateral epithelial surface
Dendritic cell surface

ALSO NLR- cytoplasmic TLR in epithelials activated with intra-cytoplasmic peptidoglycan

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7
Q

Mannose receptor

A

Membrane receptor on phagocytes- recognizes bacterial cell wall carbohydrates and fungal wall peptidoglycans

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8
Q

CRP

A

Soluble PRR that recognizes microbial cell wall components

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9
Q

Downstream bacterial TLR genes

A

TNF, IL1, IL6

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10
Q

Downstream TLR genes - viral pathogens

A

IFN alpha and beta

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11
Q

Minimally invasive intestinal pathogens

A

Campylobacter
Clostridium

Candida

Cryptococcus

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12
Q

Invasive intestinal pathogens

A

Listeria
Enteroinvasive E.Coli

opportunist: Clostridia/ Shigella

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13
Q

Toxogenic gut bacteria

A

Enterotoxoggenic E.Coli
Vibrio Cholerae
(Clostridium and shigella)

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14
Q

TLRs

A

TLR 2- Bacteria only
TLR 3– Fungi and viruses
TLR 4,5 - bacteria and fungi
TLR 7, 9 - viruses

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15
Q

Epithelial activation

A

Occurs via

  • IL1 and TNF from APCs and PMNS
  • IL22 and IL17 from Th17 later on
16
Q

IL12

A

Dendritic cell product that activates macrophages

17
Q

Mucosal

IgG/A pathway

A

Epithelials–> IL6, IL23, TGF-B—> Push TH17 and B->Ig secreting cells

APCs–> IL12–> Th cells –>Th1–>IFNg–>IgG plasma cells

18
Q

IFN alpha and Beta

A

Produced in epithelial cells in response to viral invasion via TLR/NLR

19
Q

Granulocyte activation in parasitic infection

A

Causes release of:

  • Vasoactive amines (promotes smooth muscle action)
  • Proteinases
  • prostaglandins and leukotrienes
  • Cytokines
20
Q

Th17 cells

A

Extracellular bacterial and fungi
*stimulated by TGFb, IL6, IL23

Release IL17, IL22- activate epithelials Attract neutrophils and monoctes

03 GI Nutrition (20 decks)

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