12.1

Question 1

Who were the Radical Republicans?

Answer 1

Congressmen who advocated full citizenship rights for African Americans along with harsh Reconstruction policy for the south.

Question 2

What was the Wade Davis Bill?

Answer 2

Required that a majority of prewar voters in the Confederate states swear loyalty to the Union before restoration could begin.

Question 3

What was Freedman’s Bureau?

Answer 3

Federal agency designed to aid freed slaves and poor white farmers in the south after the civil war.

Question 4

Who was Andrew Johnson?

Answer 4

Lincoln’s Vice President. Became president after Lincoln’s assassination.. Impeached

Question 5

What was Black Code?

Answer 5

Law passed in Southern States restricting freedoms of African Americans.

Question 6

What was the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

Answer 6

Law that established federal guarantees of civil rights for all citizens.

Question 7

What was the Fourteenth Amendment?

Answer 7

1868 Constitutional amendment which defined citizenship and guarantees citizens equality under the law.
States that refused to allow black citizens to vote would risk losing seats in the House of Representatives.
Confederate officials could not hold federal or state offices.

Question 8

What does it mean to impeach someone?

Answer 8

To accuse a public official of wrong-doing in office.

Question 9

Who presides for an impeachment trial if the president or Vice President is impeached?

Answer 9

The Chief Justice

Question 10

Who presides over a trial of impeachment if it is not the president or vice president being impeached?

Answer 10

President of Senate/Vice President

Question 11

What was the Fifteenth Amendment?

Answer 11

1870 constitutional amendment that guaranteed voting rights regardless of race or previous conditions of servitude.

Question 12

What were the differences between Lincoln’s and the Radical Republicans’ plans for Reconstruction?

Answer 12

Lincoln: wanted southern states to rejoin the union quickly, using less punitive measures.

Radical Republicans: wanted to punish the South for slavery and for the war itself; used harsh measures.

Question 13

What were the results of the Civil War for the south that required reconstruction?

Answer 13

Homes were burned
Businesses closed
Properties abandoned
Freed African Americans lacked full citizenship and the means to make a living.

Question 14

What were the detailed plans that Lincoln had for Reconstruction?

Answer 14

Pardon confederate leaders to begin Reconstruction immediately.
The president should lead the process of Reconstruction.
States should be allowed to rejoin the Union as soon as possible.

Question 15

What were the detailed plans that Radical Republicans’ had for Reconstruction?

Answer 15

Try Confederate leaders for treason.
Congress should lead Reconstruction.
States should satisfy certain stipulations before rejoining.

Question 16

What was “Forty Acres and a Mule” and what purpose was it meant to serve?

Answer 16

Northerners proposed the idea of distributing land to former slaves: 40 Acres and a mule.
Purpose was to revitalize the economy and provide income for African Americans.

Southern landowners opposed this idea, and many northern state felt the confiscation of property violated the Constitution.

Question 17

What restrictions did African Americans still have immediately after being freed?

Answer 17

They did not have full citizenship
They could not vote
They did not have access to education

Question 18

What was Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction called and what were some of his ideas to rebuild the south?

Answer 18

Lincoln’s 10 Percent Plan:
10 Percent of states’ voters needed to take a loyalty oath.
A state’s new constitution must have abolished slavery.

Vetoed by congress.

Question 19

What was the Radical Republican’s plan to rebuild the south?

Answer 19

Wade-Davis Bill:
Required a majority of states’ prewar voters to swear loyalty to the union.
Required guarantees of African American equality.

Passed by Congress; pocket vetoed by Lincoln.

Question 20

What did Lincoln and Congress (Radical Republicans) agree to establish?

Answer 20

Freedmen’s Bureau:

Helped feed, clothe, and educate blacks and whites in the South.

Question 21

When Andrew Johnson became president, what did he do in order to restore the status of the Southern States?

Answer 21

Pardoned any confederate who swore allegiance to the Union/Constitution.
Each Southern state needed to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment.

Question 22

How had Andrew Johnson’s plan to return the southern states’ status been going? What happened?

Answer 22

Andrew Johnson’s plans for returning states to the union had been going well until southern states tried to “rebuild their prewar world”

Instituted black codes, limited the vote to white men, sent Confederate officials to congress.

Question 23

How did Congress react to the South’s rebuilding of prewar life?

Answer 23

Legislation including:
Civil Rights Act of 1866
Fourteenth Amendment
The division of the South into five military districts.

Question 24

Why was Andrew Johnson impeached? What caused failure to impeach him?

Answer 24

Andrew Johnson continued to veto and work against congressional legislation.
Edmund Ross, from Kansas, was the final vote that keptAndrew Johnson from being impeached from office.

Question 25

What did Edmund Ross’ decision and failure to impeach Andrew Johnson show America?

Answer 25

Created a precedent that kept congress from getting rid of any president that they decided they disliked; wasn’t as easy to just get rid of a president for simple reasons.

Question 26

What is Reconstruction? When did it take place?

Answer 26

Program implemented by the federal government to repair the country, mostly the south, after the Civil War. Meant also to return the southern states to the Union.

1865-1877