11.1 and 11.2 Flashcards
What were the North’s advantages in the war?
Greater population/army More miles of railroad (transportation) Wheat production Merchant Ship tonnage Naval Ship tonnage Iron production Firearm production Established Navy Functioning government *RESOURCES*
What were the South’s advantages in the war?
Psychological: motivated, trying to preserve their way of LIFE
Inspiring leaders: Robert E. Lee
Fighting defensive on familiar ground
What strategies did the Confederacy have?
Planned a long war to erode the Union’s will to fight
Planned to only methodically defend their own territory rather than invade the North
Sought political recognition from France and Britain to maintain cotton trade
What strategies did the Union have?
Anaconda plan: blockade southern ports with navy and gain control of the Mississippi River to split the south Confederacy in two.
What was Lincoln’s war strategy?
Initially: preserve the Union
Keep the four border states in the Union
Later changed to include the abolition of slavery
What were the border states?
Maryland, Delaware, West Virginia, Kentucky, Missouri
What was the first battle of the Civil War?
Fort Sumter
What were the three areas that battles of the Civil War took place?
East: Manassas, Virginia and Richmond, Virginia
Mississippi Valley: western Kentucky, Tennessee, Shiloh, Port of New Orleans
Southwest: New Mexico
Where did the Battle of Bull Run take place? What happened?
Manassas, Virginia
Union Defeat
Stonewall Jackson confederate general wins against union
After Union defeat, Lincoln appointed new Union Commander: George B. McClellan
Shook Union confidence
What did Ulysses S. Grant do for the Union?
Drove Confederate forces from much of Western Kentucky and nearly all of Tennessee.
Tried to take Vicksburg, but lost bloody battle in Shiloh
What happened in the Battle of Shiloh
Ulysses S. Grant lost bloody battle.
Tried to pursue the Mississippi win of the Anaconda Plan
Nearly 25,000 Union or Confederate soldiers were wounded or killed
Horrified the North and South
What happened after the battle of Shiloh?
The Union captured New Orleans port
What happened at the battle of Richmond?
McClellan attacks Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia
First hesitant, causes friction with Lincoln
Doesn’t receive enough men from Lincoln
Lee takes advantage of McClellan’s cautious fighting style
McClellan retreats to Washington
McClellan is replaced
What happens at the Second Battle of Bull Run?
Lee delivers the Union a crushing defeat
Lincoln returned McClellan to command
Why was Lincoln pressured to include abolition of slavery as a goal of the war?
Slavery was very unpopular among the Union’s European allies
Union troops didn’t know what to do about the enslaved people coming under their control in conquered territories (contraband)
