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US History > 1.1, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 > Flashcards

1.1, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 Flashcards

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0
Q

What were the major Native American groups/cultures?

A

Mayas
Incas
Aztecs

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1
Q

What is one theory for how the natives got to America?

A 
Land bridge (Russia - North America)
(Migration)
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2
Q

What made the Mayas different?

A

Developed Temples, Pyramids, streets..
Established language/calendar
Grew Maize
CENTRAL AMERICA

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3
Q

What made the Incas different?

A

Had terraces, canals, aqueducts, roads
Capital: Cuzco
Strict rules, money
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA (Chile)

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4
Q

What made the Aztecs different?

A

War nation; pyramids

MEXICO

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5
Q

What were common cultural features of North American Natives?

A

Balance of gender-powers
Respect elders/look up to them
Aqueducts

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6
Q

Who were the early natives of North America?

A

Paleo-Indians

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7
Q

How did the North Americans act with moving locations?

A

Semi-Sedentary/Nomadic

Stay in the same place, MOSTLY

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8
Q

What were the 3 motivations of sponsoring exploration?

A

God
Gold
Glory

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9
Q

What countries were big on exploration of the Americas?

A

Spain, Portugal, England, France, Holland, Italy

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10
Q

Which 2 explorers were sponsored by Spain?

A

Cortés:

Cabral:

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11
Q

Who was Vasco da Gama?

A

Took advantage of Bartolomeu Dias’s discovery to reach India

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12
Q

Who was Bartolomeu Dias?

A

Portuguese mariner who learned how to get around southern Africa

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13
Q

Who was Christopher Columbus?

A

Italian mariner sponsored by Spain. Sought a route to China, in order to convert the Chinese.
Landed in Americas instead.

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14
Q

Who was John Cabot?

A

Employed by the English, sailed to Newfoundland.

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15
Q

Who was Pedro Alvarez Cabral?

A

Commanded a Portuguese fleet and discovered the coast of Brazil

16
Q

Who was Amerigo Vespucci?

A

Explored South America’s coast and deemed it a new continent.

17
Q

Who was Ferdinand Magellan?

A

Succeeded in encircling the entire globe

18
Q

Who was Hernán Cortés?

A

Led volunteers from Cuba to Mexico and conquered the Aztecs. Ended up killing Moctezuma. Wanted WEALTH but Spanish wanted god.

19
Q

What motivation did France have for exploration?

A

Spread Christianity

20
Q

What motivation did Spain have for exploration?

A

God

21
Q

How did the French colonize?

A

By being friendly with the natives

22
Q

What was the first non-permanent colony in the Americas? Who founded it?

A

Roanoke in North Carolina

Sir Walter Raleigh

23
Q

What happened to Roanoke?

A

Raleigh returns to see that no colonists remain

24
Q

What was the first permanent settlement? Who founded it and who granted the land? What was the motivation?

A

Jamestown
John Smith
ENGLAND : King –> London company

GOLD (work or starve) commerce and trade for England

25
Q

What was one important cash crop?

A

Tobacco

26
Q

What was the first elected legislative assembly of the Americas?

A

House of Burgesses

27
Q

How did Jamestown progress with it’s population?

A

Started out as simply motivated by Gold. Later brought in women and slaves, eventually whole families were settled

28
Q

What did Plymouth face religion-wise?

A

Puritans and separatists who wanted to break away and form their own churches

29
Q

How did the Spanish treat the natives?

A

Harshly. They eventually enslaved them, and threatened them from the very beginning.

30
Q

Give an example of missionaries

A

Friars of Spain who tried to persuade natives into adopting their culture and Christianity

31
Q

How did the French treat the natives?

A

They were friendly and traded with Indians for furs.

Treated them well because they needed them for trade and for hunting

32
Q

Who was Samuel de Champlain? What did he do?

A

Quebec’s founder. Aided the natives in a fight against the Iroquois, but brought heavy weaponry (guns) against the native bows, and made powerful enemies with the Iroquois

33
Q

What was England’s motivation

A

Glory and Gold

34
Q

What were the original 4 colonies?

A

Virginia
Maryland (owned by Lord Baltimore)
The Carolinas
Georgia (led by James Oglethorpe)

35
Q

What type of colony was Georgia?

A

A haven for those who could not pay their English debts; Oglethorpe set strict rules that no one could drink alcohol, could not work plantations (had to work their own land)
Eventually became a royal colony due to unhappy colonists

US History (17 decks)

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