12 - urinary system Flashcards
1
Q
A
2
Q
A
3
Q
(bladder)
(uroperitoneum)
- usually seen in neonatal foals
- if in adults secondary to what?
- if in foals secondary to what?
A
- chronic urethral obstruction or bladder rupture
- traumatic
occurs during parturition or shortly after due to excessive compression of the caudal abdomen
4
Q
(bladder)
(uroperitoneum)
(dx)
- Cx suggestive
- abdominal US will show excessive, hypoechoic abdominal fluid
- what is the ratio of creatinine within the peritoneal fluid to the serum?
- also metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, hyponatermia, hypochloremia, elevated BUN & creatinine
A
- greater than 2:1
5
Q
(bladder)
(uroperitoneum)
- tx?
A
6
Q
(bladder)
(uroperitoneum)
- prog?
A
7
Q
(bladder)
(patent urachus)
(remnant of a channel between the bladder and the umbilicus)
- only occurs in neonatal foals
(often assoc with other problems: sepsis or straining)
- Cx?
- Dx?
- tx?
A
- urine discharge from umbilical stump; swelling and discomfort in umbilical region
- Cx, US, contrast radiographs
- cautery or cystoplasty if that doesn’t work
8
Q
(bladder)
(urolithiasis)
- usually in what horses?
- what kind of stone?
- Cx?
- Dx?
A
- older male horses
- calcium carbonate (soft and hard)
- hematuria, incontinence, dysuria, stranguria, oliguria
- rectal palpation, id stone, cytoscopy
9
Q
(bladder)
(urolithiasis)
- tx?
- prog?
A
- sx removal (diet won’t disolve)
via perineal urethrotomy or cystotomy
- recurrence
10
Q
(bladder)
(urethral obstruction)
- usually secondary to what?
- Cx?
A
- urinary calculi
(also after scarring, neoplasia, extramural compression)
- colic; little to no urine passed
11
Q
(bladder)
(urethral obstruction)
- dx?
A
12
Q
(bladder)
(urethral obstruction)
- tx?
A
