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equine-18-surgery > 04 - disorders of the large colon > Flashcards

04 - disorders of the large colon Flashcards

1
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

A
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2
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

  1. can be separated into what 5 categories?
A
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3
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon impaction)

  1. any sex/breed/age
  2. 3 predisposing factors?
  3. two types of impaction?
A
  1. poor dentition, poor forage quality, lack of water
  2. feed

sand (completely obstructs right dorsal and transverse colon)

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4
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon impaction)

  1. Cx?
A
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5
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon impaction)

  1. dx?
A
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6
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon impaction)

  1. can you usually resolve with med tx?
  2. if not what sx?
A
  1. yes

pain mgmt (xylazine, detomidine, butorphanol, fluxinin), fluids, enteral fluids, laxatives (minearal oil, psyllium (best for sand), DSS), no feed or hay until impaction passes

  1. pelvic flexure enterotomy
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7
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon impaction)

  1. prog?
A
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8
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon displacement)

  1. any sex, breed, age
  2. predisposing factors unknown. Larger horses at increased risk why?
  3. cause unknown: change in motility suspected - could be secondary to parasites or changes in feed type or water intake
A
  1. ^ LI size, more abdominal space, ^ size of nephrosplenic space
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9
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon displacement)

  1. what are the two types?
A
  1. right dorsal displacement (between body wall and cecum)
  2. left dorsal displacement (nephrosplenic entrapment) - left ventral and dorsal between dorsal spleen and left kidney
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10
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon displacement)

  1. Clinical signs?
A
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11
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon displacement)

  1. dx?
A
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12
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon displacement)

A
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13
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon displacement)

(tx)

  1. medical?
  2. sx?
A
  1. pain mgmt, fluids, no feed/hay until resolution

phenylephrine (for nephrosplenic entrapment only -> splenic contraction) -> either trotting or rolling

  1. often required

ventral midline celiotomy and correction

prevention: colopexy not recommended for performance horses

can do laparoscopic closure of nephrosplenic space (only prevents left dorsal displacement)

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14
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon displacement)

  1. prog?
A
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15
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon torsion)

  1. any sex, breed, age

higher in early postpartum mares - why?

  1. cause unknown: suspect changes in motility - possibly parasites/change in water intake
A
  1. sudden increase in space -> more room for large colon to twist
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16
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon torsion)

  1. what happens?
A
17
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon torsion)

  1. Cx?
A
18
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon torsion)

  1. dx?
A
19
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon torsion)

  1. tx?
A
  1. surgery!
20
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(large colon torsion)

  1. prog?
A
21
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(right dorsal colitis)

  1. any sex or breed
  2. path?
  3. Cx?
A
  1. NSAID (phenylbutazone or flunixin) -> dec prostaglandin in large colon -> dec blood flow -> ulcers

(may also have gastric ulcers)

22
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(right dorsal colitis)

  1. dx?
A
23
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(right dorsal colitis)

  1. tx?
A

1.

24
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(right dorsal colitis)

  1. prog?
A
25
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(enterolithiasis)

  1. any sex or breed: more common in arabians and mini horses: ^incidence in western USA and southern states
  2. predisposing factor?
  3. cause?
  4. 3 common sites?
A
  1. lots of alfalfa
  2. nidus (allow for formation of mineral - Mg and phosphorus) which accumulate over time
  3. right dorsal colon, transverse colon, small colon
26
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(enterolithiasis)

  1. Cx?
A
27
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(enterolithiasis)

  1. dx?
A
28
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(enterolithiasis)

  1. tx?
A
  1. sx! (abdominal exploratory enterotomy to remove enteroliths)

also pain mgmt and IV fluids

29
Q

(disorders of the large colon)

(enterolithiasis)

  1. prog?
A
30
Q
A

equine-18-surgery (13 decks)

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