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equine-18-surgery > 06 - disorders of the skin > Flashcards

06 - disorders of the skin Flashcards

1
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(wound healing)

  1. occurs by what two processes?
A
  1. regeneration (if partial thickness wound)

(replacement of damaged with normal tissue: heals by migration and proliferation of epidermal cells with little to no inflammation)

  1. repair (if full-thickness)
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2
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(wound healing)

(repair - full thickness wounds)

  1. what three phases?
A
  1. acute inflammation
  2. cellular proliferation
  3. remodeling
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3
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(wound healing)

(repair - full thickness wounds)

  1. what occurs in acute inflammation phase (first phase)?
A
  1. vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation -> clot formation -> leukocytes recruited
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4
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(wound healing)

(repair - full thickness wounds)

  1. what happens in cell proliferation stage (stage 2)?
A
  1. occurs day 3-5
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5
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(wound healing)

(repair - full thickness wounds)

  1. what happens during remodeling phase (phase 3)?
A

a. wound contraction occurs (via myofibroblast)

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6
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(factors influencing wound healing)

  1. what macronutrient important to wound healing?
  2. is healing better above or below distal limb?
  3. vitamins and minerals
  4. are NSAIDs good?
  5. are corticosteroids good?
  6. are bandages good?
A
  1. proteins
  2. above

(why worse distal: less blood, thicker epidermis, ^motion, ^ contamination, poor contraction)

  1. controversial: inflam important for repair - but may be helpful for chronic non-healing wounds
  2. no - will retard wound repair (should use in wounds with chronic proliferative granulation tissue though)
  3. keep wound clean - but may result in excessive granulation tissue
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7
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(skin grafts)

name the graft

  1. from same individual
  2. from different individual, same species
  3. from diff species
A
  1. autograft
  2. allograft
  3. xenograft
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8
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(skin grafts)

(thickness)

1.

A
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9
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(skin grafts)

(physiology of graft acceptance)

1-3. 3 requirements for healthy graft?

A
  1. no infection
  2. healthy granulation tissue
  3. good vascular supply
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10
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(skin grafts)

1-4. what are the four phases of graft acceptance?

A
  1. serum imbibition (0-48 hours)
  2. revascularization (inosculation (connect with existing vessels) and neovascularization)
  3. organization (days 4-8): gaft-host connection established by infiltration of fibrin
  4. contraction: shrinkage of graft (full thickness shrinks more)
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11
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(skin grafts)

  1. reasons for graft failure?
A
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12
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(skin grafts)

  1. aftercare of post-graft placement?
A
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13
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(sarcoids)

  1. most common skin tumor of horses, donkeys, mules
  2. metastatic?

locally invasive?

  1. most common in what breeds?
  2. cause unknown - suspect what plays a role though?
A
  1. usually not

yes

  1. appaloosa and arabian
  2. bovine papillomavirus
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14
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(sarcoids)

  1. what are the four forms of sarcoid?
A
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15
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(sarcoids)

  1. lesions can occur anywhere - where most common?
A
  1. limbs, ventral abdomen, periocular, and ears
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16
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(sarcoids)

  1. dx?
A
17
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(sarcoids)

  1. tx?
A
18
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(sarcoids)

  1. prognosis?
A
19
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(SCC)

  1. second most common skin tumor in horses, donkeys, and mules
  2. mets?

locally invasive?

  1. what breed most common?
  2. lesions begin as slightly raised, ulcerative lesion and progress to proliferative ulcerative lesions
  3. common sites?
A
  1. slow to mets (usually occur in local LN)

yes

  1. light-color breeds (appaloosa most common)
  2. face (eyes, sinus), penis, prepuce, vulva
20
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(SCC)

  1. dx?
A
21
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(SCC)

  1. tx?
A
22
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(SCC)

  1. prog?
A
23
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(melanoma)

  1. most common in what horses?
  2. usually > 6
  3. common sites (usually multiple tumors)
  4. mets?
A
  1. gray or white horses

(up to 80% of gray horses will have a melanoma by age of 15 years)

  1. underside of root of tail, perianal-perineal (less freq: eye, abdomen, thorax)
  2. uncommon
24
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(melanoma)

  1. dx based on what?
A
  1. histo
25
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(melanoma)

  1. tx?
A
26
Q

(disorders of the skin)

(melanoma)

  1. prog?
A
27
Q
A

equine-18-surgery (13 decks)

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