1.2 muscular system Flashcards
muscle characteristic : contractibility
ability to shorten
muscle characteristic : extensibility
ability to strengthen/ lengthen
muscle characteristic : elasticity
ability to strengthen and return to the original size
muscle characteristic : hypertrophy
increase in size of tissue muscle
muscle characteristic : atrophy
wastage/ decrease in size of muscle tissue usually because of disease, injury or age
muscle characteristic : excitability
the ability to receive and respond to stimuli via the generation of an electric pulse, this causes contraction of muscle and is controlled by nerve stimuli
types of muscle : smooth
location: the walls of (hollow) organs
involuntary
structure: narrow, tapered (smaller at the ends) and spindle (oval) shaped. non striated (doesn’t have long streaks) and has one nucleus
types of muscle : cardiac
location: only heart
involuntary
structure: striated (has parallel streaks), tubular, branching at the ends and has one nucleus
types of muscle : skeletal
location: attached to bone
voluntary
structure: striated (has parallel streaking lines), tubular and multiple nuclei
purpose: contracts to allow bone to move
define origin
closest end to the limb, usually the proximal tendon on the bone and its a fixed location
define insertion
furthest end from the limb is usually the distal tendon on the bone and its moving
location of skeletal muscle: ANTEROIR - pectorial major
origin: clavicle and sternum
insertion: humerus
location of skeletal muscle: ANTEROIR - deltoid
origin: clavicle and scapula
insertion: humerus
location of skeletal muscle: ANTEROIR - bicep branchii
origin: scapula
insertion: radius and ulna
location of skeletal muscle: ANTEROIR -rectus abdominis
origin: pelvis
insertion: ribs and sternum
