1.2 Migration Flashcards
Migration
Movement of people from one location to another location
Emigrant
person who leaves a country to migrate to another
Immigrant
A migrant arriving in a country
Migration balance
Difference between emigrants and immigrants
Internal migration
Movement of people within a country
Rural-urban migration
Movement of people from rural areas to urban areas
International migration
Migration between countries
Temporary migration
migration for a limited period of time
Permanent migration
migration with the intention of staying there forever
Voluntary migration
people choose to migrate, usually for economic benefit
Forced migration
People have no choice but to migrate because their life is in danger
Economic migration
Migration for job opportunities
Seasonal migration
Migration just for a season (ski season, harvesting season)
Commuting
Movement from home to workplace (and viceversa)
Push factors
thing that are driving you from the location where you live
Pull factors
Things that are attracting you to a new location
Push factors from origin (4)
No jobs
Pollution/congestion
Crime
Poor services (education+healthcare)
Remittances
Money sent home to family/friends by migrants living in other location.
Refugees
Person who has been forced to leave their home and country (war, natural disasters, persecution)
Persecution
When someone is attacked for their beliefs
Internally displaced person (IDP)
Person that has been forced to leave their home but not their country.
Asylum seekers
Person seeking refuge in a foreign country because their life is in danger in their home country.
Reasons for voluntary migration (4)
HERE:
Healthcare (travel to obtain better medical facilities)
Employment (better jobs, better pay, businesses opportunities)
Recreation (family, climate, landscape)
Education (study abroad for a better future)
Advantages for a losing country (3)
Reduces pressure on resources
Migrants may bring back better skills
Decline in birth rate
Disadvantages for a loosing country (3)
Loss of active population
Loss of skilled population
Higher dependency ration (only the old are left)
Advantages for a gaining country (3)
Unskilled jobs covered
Cheap labour
Cultural links
Disadvantages for a gaining country (3)
Pressure on jobs (unemployment)
Overcrowded housing
Racism
Advantages for migrants (4)
Jobs
Access to goods
Better education+healthcare
Safer and peaceful environment
Disadvantages for migrants (4)
Higher cost of living
Racism
No friends or family
Loose their homeland culture
