1.1 Population dynamics Flashcards

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1
Q

Reasons for the population explosion (5)

A

Improved medical care (vaccinations)
Santitation and water supply
Improved transport (less food shortage, people can travel to get medical treatment)
Decrease in child mortality

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2
Q

Overpopulation

A

When there are too many people to be supported to a good standard of living by an area’s resources.

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3
Q

Underpopulation

A

Where there are too few people to exploit the resources of an area to their maximum potential.

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4
Q

Consequences of Overpopulation (4)

A

Unemployment
shortage of services (healthcare, schools)
Shortage of housing
Congestion

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5
Q

Consequences of Underpopulation (4)

A

Shortage of workers
less tax-payers
Businesses/services close due to lack of customers
Less innovation/development

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6
Q

Carrying capacity

A

Number of people the environment can support without there being negative effects to the population

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7
Q

Optimum population

A

Ideal population that can maximise the benefits from the resources available, resulting in a maximised quality of life.

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8
Q

Population density

A

number of people living in a given area (people/km2)

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9
Q

Population distribution

A

how a population is spread out around an area.

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10
Q

Death rate

A

Number of deaths per 1000 per year.

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11
Q

Birth rate

A

Number of live births per 1000 per year

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12
Q

Natural change

A

Change in the population due to the difference between birth rate and death rate.
(birth rate - death rate)

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13
Q

Reasons for high death rates in LEDCs (5)

A

Poor healthcare (e.g. few hospitals)
Poor sanitation (e.g. favours spread of diseases)
Poor access to safe water (results in water borne diseases)
Lack of vaccinations/medicines (e.g. tetanus vaccination)
Lack of provision for eldery (no pension system, no old people’s homes)

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14
Q

Reasons for low birth rates in MEDCs (5)

A

Availability of contraception (condoms/abortions)
Education in family planning
Children are expensive to bring up (school, food, healthcare)
Women have careers (less appealing to have a child)
Lack of strong religious beliefs that refuse contaception

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15
Q

What effect would HIV have in the next generation?

A

HIV mostly occurs in women
When women give birth, they can infect the child (infant mortality)
Death rate of mothers results in a higher orphan generation
Due to a lack of state welfare, the orphan will result in poverty, crime and lack of education

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