1.2 Lipids

Question 1

give three reasons why lipids are important

Answer 1

thermal insulation, mechanical insulation, energy storage

Question 2

describe the structure of lipids

Answer 2

big molecules made up of smaller subunits

Question 3

what is the formula for glycerol

Answer 3

C3H8O3

Question 4

how is a triglyceride formed

Answer 4

condensation reaction with 3 fatty acids and one glycerol

Question 5

describe a saturated fatty acid

Answer 5

contains single C-C covalent bonds
‘full’ of hydrogen
solid at room temp

Question 6

describe an unsaturated fatty acid

Answer 6

contains at least one C=C double bond
not ‘full’ of hydrogen
liquid at room temp

Question 7

lipids are non-polar. what does this mean

Answer 7

they dont dissolve in water or organic solvents

Question 8

describe the structure of phospholipids

Answer 8

contains a phosphate and glycerol head that is hydrophilic

contains two fatty acid tails that are hydrophobic

Question 9

describe the test for lipids

Answer 9

add oil and ethanol

if a lipid is present a white emulsion will form