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pharma B.DAM > 12. Drugs used for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Nootropic drugs > Flashcards

12. Drugs used for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Nootropic drugs Flashcards

1
Q

neurodegenerative disorders

A 
Parkinson’s disease
Alzheimer’s disease
multiple sclerosis
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Wilson’s disease
dementias
Huntington disease
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2
Q

drugs for Parkinson’s disease

A 
Dopamine precursors
Dopamine receptor agonists 
Dopamine turnover enhancer
MAO inhibitors
COMT inhibitors
Antimuscarinic agents
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3
Q

drugs for Alzheimer’s disease

A

Centrally acting acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
NMDA receptor antagonists
Antioxidants

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4
Q

drugs for multiple sclerosis

A

Interferon β1a and β1b

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5
Q

drugs for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

A

Riluzole

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6
Q

drugs for Wilson’s disease

A

Penicillamine

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7
Q

drugs for dementias

A 
Nootropic drugs
Antioxidants
Calcium antagonists
NSAIDs 
Estrogens
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8
Q

drugs for Huntington disease

A

Tetrabenazine

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9
Q

Dopamine precursors

A

Levodopa

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10
Q

Levodopa

A

Good Gi absorption & goes threw BBB

AE: GI + cardiovascular, in CNS: mood, hallucinations and movement.

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11
Q

Carbidopa

A

Given with levodopa

peripheral DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor

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12
Q

Pyridoxine

A

Vit. B6

increases decarboxylase activity

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13
Q

MAO inhibitors used in Parkinson

A

Selegiline

Rasagiline

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14
Q

Selegiline

A

used in Parkinson & depression & Alzheimer’s disease

ireversible MAO-B

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15
Q

Rasagiline

A

used in Parkinson
irreversible and selective inhibitor of brain MAO-B
rasagiline is not metabolized to an amphetamine-like substance

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16
Q

COMT inhibitors

A

selectively and reversibly inhibit COMT
inhibits consumption of levodopa

drugs…
Entacapone
Tolcapone

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17
Q

Dopamine receptor agonist

A

long duration of action
good for patients with fluctuating symptoms

types …
Ergot & Non-ergot derivative

18
Q

Non-ergot derivative

A

Ropinirole
Pramipexole
Rotigotine
Apomorphine

19
Q

Ergot derivative

A

has the potential to cause pulmonary and retroperitoneal fibrosis

druges
Bromocriptine
Cabergoline
Pergolid

20
Q

Apomorphine

A

used in Parkinson
for acute management of the hypomobility “off” phenomenon
given IV

21
Q

Ropinirole

A

used in Parkinson

given oral

22
Q

Pramipexole & Rotigotine

A

used in Parkinson

patch

23
Q

Bromocriptine

A

used in Parkinson
Ergot derivative
has the potential to cause pulmonary and retroperitoneal fibrosis

24
Q

Amantadine

A 
antiviral drug (against influenza)
increasing dopamine release, decreased dopamine uptake, blocking cholinergic receptors and inhibiting the NMDA receptors
25
Q

Antimuscarinic agents

A

Benztropine
Orphenadrine
Procyclidine
Biperide

26
Q

Dopamine turnover enhancer

A

Amantadine

27
Q

Biperiden

A

used in Parkinson & used for nicotine and organophosphate intoxication (by injection)

28
Q

Benztropine

A

works on M1 receptor in the CNS

29
Q

Centrally acting acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

A

used in Alzheimer’s disease
in cases of mild to moderate

drugs...
Donepezil
Tacrine
Rivastigmine
Galantamine
30
Q

Galantamine

A

used in Alzheimer’s disease
may also augment the action of acetylcholine at nicotinic receptors in the CNS
Lipid soluble

31
Q

Rivastigmine

A

Lipid soluble
9hr DOA
for Alzheimer’s disease & dementia

32
Q

NMDA receptor antagonists

A

used in Alzheimer’s disease
in cases of moderate to severe
Memantine

33
Q

Antioxidants for Alzheimer’s disease

A

Selegiline

Ginkgo Biloba

34
Q

Interferon β1a & β1b

A

Drugs used in multiple sclerosis

action: diminish the inflammatory response

35
Q

Riluzole

A

used in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
NMDA receptor antagonist + blocking TTX
sensitive sodium channels
AE: Hepatotoxicity, kidney damage, interstitial lung disease, neutropenia

36
Q

Penicillamine

A

Cu+ chelator

used in Wilson’s disease

37
Q

Nootropic drugs

A 
Piracetam 
Vinpocetine 
Nicergoline 
Pentoxifylline 
Ginkgo Biloba
38
Q

Piracetam
Vinpocetine
Nicergoline
Pentoxifylline

A

vasodilator

39
Q

Antioxidants for dementias

A

Vitamin C
Vitamin E
Flavonoids

40
Q

Calcium antagonists for dementias

A

Nimodipine

41
Q

Nimodipine

A

Calcium antagonists for dementias

42
Q

Tetrabenazine

A

Drugs decreasing the dopaminergic tone

Therapy of Huntington disease

pharma B.DAM (12 decks)

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