11. Antiepileptics used in absence seizures. “Broad spectrum” antiepileptic drugs. Drugs used for treatment of status epilepticus

Question 1

For absence seizures Treatment of petit mal seizures

Answer 1

Clonazepam
Clobazam
Ethosuximide

Question 2

Broad spectrum antiepileptic drugs

Answer 2

Valproate
Lamotrigine
Topiramate

Question 3

Drugs used for treatment of status epilepticus

Answer 3

Fast acting medication followed by a slower-acting medication

drugs in acute case …
Diazepam first than …
Phenytoin
phenobarbital

In highly resistant cases of status epilepticus when it remains even with anti-epileptic drugs than give -general anesthesia

Question 4

Clonazepam

Answer 4

benzodiazepine

First line drug in absence seizure and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome

Question 5

Clobazam

Answer 5

benzodiazepine derivative

1st line for severe anxiety

Question 6

Ethosuximide

Answer 6

Inhibiting T-type Ca++ channels

Question 7

Valproate

Answer 7

First line
Inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels, Inhibits T-type calcium channels, Enhances GABA transmission
used in bipolar and migraine as prophylaxis
AE: teratogenic, hematological and neurological abnormalities

Question 8

Lamotrigine

Answer 8

Inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels

also for Bipolar

Question 9

Topiramate

Answer 9

Inhibits AMPA receptor Inhibits voltage-gated Na+ channels, stimulates GABAA receptors
also for migraine as prophylaxis
AE: Nephrolithiasis, Teratogenic

Question 10

absence seizures

Answer 10

brief abrupt self limiting loss of consciousness
usually in children
A.K.A petit mal seizures

Question 11

status epilepticus

Answer 11

a single epileptic seizure lasting more than five minutes or two or more seizures within a five-minute period without the person returning to normal between them