12課程 Flashcards
He works hard
.Therefore he succeeds.
adv
,thus achieving success
thus/thereby +Ving/Vpp
therefore 副詞！
不可並用的
1. Because…so/therefore… (x)
2.although sv, but sv(x)
3.Ving , s therefore V (x)
though sv, however sv (x)
語意重複 ！
result in導致 （主動）
derives from
be derived from源於（主被動皆可）
originate from
in 國家源於
thanks to earthquake, many people lost their home.
因為
介系詞的to!! advantage(s) to Ving優勢 problem with Ving experiment with oyster用...牡蠣做實驗 solution/key/answer to Ving witness to Ving目擊證人
the disadvantaged are…
弱勢族群。 ！！
adj+N當N背!(用adj修飾）
advantageous [geographical location]
看醫生
go to visit/see a doctor
have a doctor visit
hospital
have a dental appointmentvomit嘔吐
throw up
throw out (x)5(()
compete
against 對抗each other
for the first dance with the school belle.
校花
compete in
enter into參加（運動比賽）
take part in
participate in
be involved in參加
參加compete in
be involved in 被動！
compete in
enter into參加（運動比賽）
take part in
participate in
be involved in參加
competent
adj有能力的
competent teacher
capable
competitive相競爭的 society
competitiveness競爭力
competition比賽contest
主被動皆同義的用法
I decide to leave決定
I am decided to leave
I face danger with calm
=encounter
=confront
I am faced with danger with calm
=. encountered with
confronted with
!when I face danger, I keep calm.
A. when facing with danger,
B. when faced with danger,
C. when facing danger,
I keep calm
ans: BC
critics say police often react poorly
when they face a crisis
they are faced with a crisis
facing a crisis
faced with a crisis
資金縮減cutoff
解僱layoff
metaphor 暗喻
simile明喻
isolated area被隔離的
barren
desolate. （一個人）
荒島/離島
inundation水災 deluge flood damage(s)
和…不同
is distinguished with/from sth…
is different from
相同
be synonymous with
identical.
不足
sth fall to inadequate levels
sth is not enough
lack sth 缺乏vt
be lack of
though
adv(口語）/conj
although雖然
conj
even if 即使conj
even though
in spite (that)口語S V in spite of the fact thatS V
肯定時相等=雖然（即使）…他仍…
否定時不相等
雖然他…我依然不會…（他有錢）
即使他…我依然不會…（他沒錢）
prep儘管(無關）
S V despite N
in spite of N
irrespective of regardless of
關於
concerning
concerned with
about
as to
as for
about
regarding
with respect/regard to
in. respect/regard to
雖然/即使conj/prep!
Notwithstanding
with all
for all
- s v
- N
雖然/即使conj/prep!
Notwithstanding
with all his poverty
for all he is in poverty
要自己猜連接詞(兩個句子）
Be he poor, he is happy
although he is poor, he is happy
Be it raining, I will not go to school.
Because it is raining, S V
Be it raining, I will go to school
=Although it is raining, SV
Be it so humble, there is no place like home.
although it is so humble,
雖然簡陋
Be they students or teachers, they have to be enrolled in the swimming class
=whether they are students or teachers,
無論….
重點在or!!
cannot manage to get down with a smile
笑不出來
（當拿蟲給吃…
Although he is poor,
Poor as he is ,..
conj S V
形容詞 副詞子句=必倒裝(SV不動）形容詞前移
照理應副詞修飾副詞子句
此用形容詞
故倒裝
Although she is a girl, she is brave
名詞前移 必省去冠詞
Girl as she is,she is brave
though
as雖然（倒裝句語意）
my parents,_____,spare no expense
A. they being illiterate(文盲）
B. illiterate though they are
ans:B
(有連接詞句意清晰）
spare no expense to Vrt
effort
try my best to Vt盡全力
in peril危險
hazard
jeopardy
danger
in dilemma進退兩難
in predicament
at risk困境中
in adversity逆境中
in poverty貧窮
mental outlook
there was very little in common between the mental outlook of
the Chinese and that of the Egyptians and Babylonians
憧憬
insist on Ving
persist in Ving
堅持
flagship large sedan旗艦大轎車
stay up Ving/to V
sit up
burn the midnight oil熬夜
颶風 tornado cyclone hurricane tempest
hemispherectomy半腦切除
aphasia失語症
oppose Ving（主動不加to）
be opposed to Ving
object to Ving(無被動）
opponent反對者
oppose Ving（主動不加to）
be opposed to Ving
object to Ving(無被動）
opponent反對者
only if we work hard can we succeed(只有，倒裝）
if only we work hard we can succeed(只有，不倒裝）
emulate mimic imitate simulate facsimile 模仿
virtue美德
by virtue of
dint
means
way藉著
豬肉乾
ban porkjelly
be surrounded in
be shrouded in smog
被包圍
I am no alien. to agony
stranger
從小吃盡苦頭
alien外國人/外星人
alienation疏離感
alibi不在場證明
改變
alter. ..into
convert. ..into
defect. n blemish n/v flaw n drawback setback (挫敗） shortcoming缺點
be native to
indigenous to..土生土長於…
Native to Taiwan ,I am bilingual in
Mandarin Chinese台語
language impediment口吃
language barrier語言障礙
遵守法律the laws/rules/regulations
(與聽錯勸告動詞相似，但不可用take)
聽從勸告+advice. (un) follow obey take abide by comply with be in compliance with be compliant with
conform to
stick to
adhere to
cling to
raid
n攻擊
air raid空襲
死刑death penalty
death sentence
extreme sentence
capital punishment
宣判死刑 \_\_\_\_\_ his death sentence A. claim B. read ans: B sentence him to death
宣判五年徒刑
sentence him to 5 years in jail/prison
imprisonment
終身監禁
to life imprisonment
宣判死刑 \_\_\_\_\_ his death sentence A. claim B. read ans: B sentence him to death
廢除死刑 \_\_\_\_ the death sentence A. abandon B. abolish ans:B
though…., the public is polarized over the issue
群眾（單數）
公眾對..意見兩極
可食的edible
eatable
edacious喜吃的（饕餮的）
\_\_\_ to music, she is second to none in... 在...第一 A. exposure B. exposed. ans:B
二手車a used car
二手菸second-hand
passive smoke
tend to傾向Vrt
be inclined to
have inclination to
tendency
be prone toministry神職人員
despite his inclination to be a farmer, his schooling prepared him for a career in the ministry
problem with
experiment with
只能用with!!!!!的名詞
seek for/after truth
seek truth
prefer N to N
prefer to V (rather) than Vrt
advantage to
disadvantage to
the disadvantaged弱勢族群
lead to ving導致
result in
lead O to V 帶領O…
lure
allure誘導
SV conj SV如果 provided (that) providing (that) granting granted on condition (that) if
玉蜀黍maize
corn
SV conj SV如果 provided (that) providing (that) granting(that) granted (that) on condition (that) if in case ((that)
sv 介+n
in case of N
in the event of N
13個副詞子句 用現代未
11時when
while
as
as soon as
by the time the moment the instant the second the minute the time
before after until since once
2個（條件）
if
unless
副詞子句 現代未 =>條件句
例外although
Although it ___ tomorrow, I will go to the school as usual.
A. will rain
B. rains
ans: A
Jane will make her connecting flight if there ___ long lines at customs.
A. aren’t
B. will not be
ans: A
副詞子句 現代未 =>條件句
時態往前移 與事實相反=>假設語氣
do you have money?
have you money? (英式）
lie lay lain
vi
lie on the bed
lay laid laid
vt
lay me on the bed
i am broke(破產的）
［條件］
If I studied hard last year, I would pass.
［假設］
過去式～過完
If I had studied hard last year, I would have passed.
現在式～過去式
had he studied hard,
he would have succeeded.
過反
假設句+but S Vpt
（遇到but 後 還原時態）
he would have succeeded
but he didn’t
If we had had their assistance,
we would have succeeded.
We would have succeeded, \_\_\_\_ their assistance. A. had we had B. if we had ans: A B
