12

Question 1

What are Genes made of?

Answer 1

DNA is the molecule of inheritance

Question 2

Permanent genetic change in which the properties of one strain of dead cells are conferred on a different strain of living cells

Answer 2

Transformation

Question 3

Each DNA building block is a ______ consisting of the ______, a phosphate

Answer 3

Nucleotide; pentose sugar deoxyribose

Question 4

The nitrogen base is attached to the _____ of the sugar

Answer 4

1 Carbon

Question 5

The phosphate is attached to the ______

Answer 5

5’ Carbon

Question 6

What are the 4 Nitrogenous bases

Answer 6

Adenine,guanine, thymine, and cytosine

Question 7

Nucleotides are linked by ______ bonds to form an alternating sugar-phosphate backbone

Answer 7

Covalent

Question 8

The 3’ carbon of one sugar is bonded to the 5’ phosphate of the adjacent sugar to form a

Answer 8

3’ 5’ Phosphodiester Linkage

Question 9

The 5’ end has a 5’ carbon attached to a phosphate and the 3’ end has a 3’ carbon attached to a

Answer 9

Hydroxyl Group

Question 10

In a double stranded DNA molecule, the number of purines equals number of

Answer 10

Pyrimidines

Question 11

A is complementary to

Answer 11

T

Question 12

G is complementary to

Answer 12

C

Question 13

DNA double helix has a constant width of

Answer 13

2 nm

Question 14

A and T can be joined by

Answer 14

2 H bonds

Question 15

G and C can be joined by

Answer 15

3 H bonds

Question 16

DNA replicates with

Answer 16

Semiconservative

Question 17

Two identical DNA double helices are produced, each consisting of one original strand from the parent molecule and one newly synthesized complementary strand

Answer 17

DNA replication

Question 18

Both parent (old) strands might remain together, and the two newly synthesized strands would form a second double helix

Answer 18

Conservative replication

Question 19

Parental and newly synthesized strands might become randomly mixed during the replication process

Answer 19

Dispersive Replication

Question 20

Changed in the sequence of bases in DNA, which are reproduced in a new sequence of complementary bases during the next replication cycle

Answer 20

Mutations

Question 21

Unwinds DNA

Answer 21

DNA helicase

Question 22

Binds to single strands of DNA and prevents the helix from re-forming before it can be used as a template for replication.

Answer 22

Single-strand binding (SSB) Protein

Question 23

Breaks one or both DNA strands, preventing excessive coiling during replication, and them in a more relaxed configuration. rejoin

Answer 23

Topoisomerase

Question 24

Links nucleotide subunits to form a new DNA strand complementary to a DNA template

Answer 24

DNA Polymerase

Question 25

Synthesizes short RNA primers on the lagging strand. begins replication of the leading strand.

Answer 25

DNA Primase

Question 26

Links Okazaki fragments by joining the 3’ end of the new DNA fragment to the 5’ end of the adjoining DNA.

Answer 26

DNA Ligase

Question 27

Reading DNA

Answer 27

3’»>5’

Question 28

Building DNA

Answer 28

5’»>3’

Question 29

100 - to 2000 nucleotide fragments

Answer 29

Okazaki Fragments

Question 30

Enzymes proof read each newly added nucleotide against it template nucleotide. When an error in base pairing is found, ________________ immediately the incorrect nucleotide and inserts the correct one

Answer 30

DNA Polymerase

Question 31

Guanine rich DNA sequences

Answer 31

Telomeres

Question 32

Telomeres are active in ____

Answer 32

Germ line cells

Question 33

DNA»

Answer 33

Adenine

Question 34

RNA»>

Answer 34

Guanine