1143 Definitions Flashcards
deflected toward a negative charge
alpha particle
deflected toward a positive charge
beta particle
not deflected in an electric or magnetic field
gamma ray
a high-speed electron from a CRT
cathode ray
an electromagnetic wave just above ultraviolet waves
x-ray
computer terminal or monitor
cathode ray tube
same mass as an alpha particle
helium nucleus
most common radioactive element
uranium
emit charged particles and electromagnetic waves
radioactive elements
same mass as a beta particle
electron
Two improvements in modern x-ray tubes
higher vacuum
higher voltage
penetrating power of beta particle
100 times that of an alpha
discovered alpha and beta particles and gamma radiation
Ernest Rutherford
developed the first cloud chamber
Charles Thomson Wilson
discovered uranium
Martin Klaproth
suffered severe skin burns while experimenting with radium
Pierre Curie
discovered cathode rays
William Crookes
invented a radiation detector that uses ionized gas
Hans Geiger
investigated the basic properties of cathode rays
J.J. Thomson
discovered x-rays
William Roentgen
demonstrated that cosmic rays are charged
Arthur Compton
discovered the radioactive nature of uranium particles
Henri Becquerel
demonstrated that cosmic rays come from space
Robert Millikan
A color band running from red to violet with smooth color transitions
a continuous spectrum
A series of bright, narrow lines of certain colors on a dark background
an emission spectrum
a quantum
a discrete bundle of energy
a photon
a discrete bundle of light energy
Three kinds of spectra discovered by Prof. Kirchoff and Prof. Bunsen
absorption
continuous
emission
Physical properties of an atom are determined by
atomic mass
Atomic number
Number of protons
Property that distinguishes elements exactly
Atomic number
Constant for speed of light in a vacuum
3x10^8
Formula for increase in mass due to motion
M/(1-v^2/c^2)^1/2
