1137 Questions & Blanks

Question 1

What causes Brownian motion?

Answer 1

atoms or molecules of a fluid colliding with small particles and shoving them about

Question 2

What is heat?

Answer 2

the total kinetic energy of all the molecules of a substance

Question 3

The law of conservation of energy states that in a closed, system, the sum of the _______________ must be conserved

Answer 3

kinetic, potential, and heat energy

Question 4

What is a calorie?

Answer 4

a metric unit of heat that will raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius

Question 5

What is temperature?

Answer 5

the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance

Question 6

What is the difference between temperature and heat?

Answer 6

temperature-average

heat-total

Question 7

Example of an object with high temperature but low heat

Answer 7

filament of a light bulb

Question 8

The metric unit for temperature is the

Answer 8

Celsius degree

Question 9

What law of physics did Mr. Fahrenheit discover while using his thermometer?

Answer 9

Each liquid has fixed freezing and boiling temperatures

Question 10

How can the boiling temperature of a liquid be changed?

Answer 10

by changing the atmospheric pressure

Question 11

Most thermometers are based on the expansion and contradiction of the substances ______________

Answer 11

mercury and alcohol

Question 12

The coefficient of linear expansion is:

Answer 12

the fractional change in length of a solid for each degree Celsius change in temperature

Question 13

Where would you find a bimetallic strip in a home?

Answer 13

thermostat

Question 14

_____________ must be considered in the construction of bridges

Answer 14

Linear expansion

Question 15

When an engine heats, engine parts must be free to __________

Answer 15

expand

Question 16

What is the heat capacity?

Answer 16

the quantity of heat needed to raise a substance’s temperature one degree Celsius

Question 17

What is specific heat?

Answer 17

a measure of heat capacity of a substance

Question 18

What three factors determine the total heat content of an object?

Answer 18

specific heat, temperature, and mass

Question 19

Law of heat exchange

Answer 19

the amount of heat given off by a hot substance equals the heat received by a cold substance

Question 20

What is latent heat of vaporization?

Answer 20

the amount of heat needed to change one gram of a liquid substance at its normal boiling temperature into a gas at the same temperature

Question 21

80 540

Answer 21

.5 .49

Question 22

How does the latent heat of vaporization affect the molecules of a liquid?

Answer 22

it breaks the chemical bonds holding the molecules of a liquid together and gives them sufficient energy to separate

Question 23

What is latent heat of fusion?

Answer 23

the amount of heat needed to convert one gram of a solid at its normal melting temperature into a liquid at the same temperature

Question 24

IT usually takes more energy to convert a liquid to a gas (vaporization), than a solid to a liquid (fusion)

Answer 24

.

Question 25

How do refrigerators and air conditioners work?

Answer 25

Liquid is released into coiled tubes. In a refrigerator, the liquid evaporates, removing heat. In a compressor, it condenses, releasing heat.

Question 26

All solids conduct heat, but ______ are especially good conductors.

Answer 26

metals

Question 27

Why do breezes blow between land and sea areas?

Answer 27

Land warms more quickly than water, so heat flows in different directions depending on the time of day.

Question 28

How does radiation differ from conduction and convection?

Answer 28

does not need to pass through a substance

Question 29

What are the three main causes of ocean currents?

Answer 29

Earth's rotation convection prevailing winds

Question 30

Weather is greatly affected by the _______________________

Answer 30

temperature, size, and direction of ocean currents

Question 31

Matthew Maury believed the Bible referred to ocean currents as ____________

Answer 31

paths of the seas

Question 32

Explain why the second law of thermodynamics is a powerful argument for Creation

Answer 32

all spontaneous change tends toward disorder

Question 33

What conditions may cause a gas to depart from the ideal gas law?

Answer 33

when pressure is above a certain level or when temperature falls below a certain level

Question 34

Five properties of gas explained by the kinetic theory

Answer 34

``` pressure expansion temperature change contraction diffusion ```

Question 35

The three main assumptions of the kinetic theory of gases

Answer 35

gas molecules are widely spread gas molecules move rapidly and freely in all directions gas molecules frequently collide with one another and with the walls of their container

Question 36

What is Brownian motion?

Answer 36

the random motion of a particle in a fluid

Question 37

We use a thermometer to measure temperature

Answer 37

.

Question 38

How does a bimetallic strip help heat and cool a home?

Answer 38

It opens and closes a circuit in a thermostat

Question 39

How can some evaporation occur when a liquid has a temperature below its boiling point?

Answer 39

Some molecules possess enough kinetic energy to escape the surface of the liquid.

Question 40

Define convection

Answer 40

transfer of heat by currents

Question 41

Ways to improve the efficiency of heat engines

Answer 41

remove friction and heat loss | increase temperature difference

Question 42

2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 42

Heat always travels of its own accord from a region of high temperature to a region of low temperature.

Question 43

What is entropy?

Answer 43

a measure of the heat distribution and disorganization in the universe