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Physics > 1134 Questions & Blanks > Flashcards

1134 Questions & Blanks Flashcards

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1
Q

Greek beliefs were based on _____________

A

human reasoning

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2
Q

Right and wrong are determined by absolutes found in _________

A

the BIBLE

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3
Q

Five things that Galileo Galilei discovered with his telescope

A 
Mountains and craters on the moon
Venus has phases like the moon
Four large moons of Jupiter
Dark spots on the sun
Thousands of additional stars in the Milky Way
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4
Q

How can we eliminate use of the term “deceleration”?

A

by referring to it as negative acceleration

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5
Q

Mechanics is divided into what three parts?

A

Kinetics
Dynamics
Statics

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6
Q

What is dynamics?

A

Dynamics is the study of the causes for change in motion

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7
Q

What is kinematics?

A

Kinematics is the mathematical description of motion

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8
Q

What is speed?

A

Speed is the rate at which an object covers distance

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9
Q

__________ is a vector that has speed and direction

A

Velocity

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10
Q

Distance is ________________ to the square of time

A

directly proportional

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11
Q

average velocity is equal to

A

half of the final velocity

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12
Q

final velocity F

A

acceleration x time

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13
Q

velocity includes both ______________

A

speed and direction

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14
Q

speed F

A

distance/time

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15
Q

distance F

A

average velocity x time

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16
Q

acceleration F

A

change in velocity/change in time

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17
Q

time squared is ____________________

A

directly proportional to distance

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18
Q

Formula for distance

A

(.5)(9.81m/s^2)(time^2)

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19
Q

As soon as a projectile is launched, it begins to fall short of its ____________

A

straight-line path

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20
Q

The two components of a projectile’s motion

A

vertical component

horizontal component

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21
Q

A projectile follows a path called a

A

parabola

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22
Q

The four conic sections

A

circle
ellipse
parabola
hyperbola

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23
Q

If one cannonball is fired horizontally from a cliff at the same time that another cannonball is dropped from the cliff, what happens?

A

Both objects with strike the ground at the same time

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24
Q

The formulas for the vertical and horizontal components of projectile motion

A 
Vv = (v)(cos.theta)
Vh = (v)(sin.theta)
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25
Q

The three quantities that can be calculated when dealing with projectiles if you know the launch velocity and angle of motion

A

maximum height
range
time of flight

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26
Q

What is the maximum height of a projectile?

A

The maximum height is the greatest vertical distance reached by the projectile

27
Q

What is the range of a projectile?

A

The range is the horizontal distance from the launching point to the point of impact.

28
Q

What is the time of flight of a projectile?

A

The time of flight is the time elapsed from launch to impact.

29
Q

Newton’s first law of motion

A

Every body continues in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a straight line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed upon it.

30
Q

What is mass?

A

Mass is a measure of an objects inertia

31
Q

What is the difference between mass and weight?

A

Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, while weight is a measure of the force of gravity acting on an object.

32
Q

Newton’s second law of motion

A

The acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the resultant force acting on that body and inversely proportional to the mass of the body.

33
Q

Newton’s second law of motion stated algebraically

A

a = F/m

34
Q

Two factors that are directly related are ________________________, while _______________________ are inversely related.

A

acceleration and force

mass and acceleration

35
Q

How do astronauts determine the mass of an object in weightless conditions of orbit?

A

Astronauts measure the object’s inertia. They place the object on a compressed spring. When released, they measure its acceleration.

36
Q

Newton’s third law of motion

A

When any two bodies interact, the force exerted by the first body on the second is equal and opposite to the force exerted by the second body on the first

37
Q

Formula for maximum height

A

(1/2)(Vv)(Vv/9.81)

38
Q

Formula for flight time

A

(2)(Vv/9.81)

39
Q

Formula for range

A

(Vh)(time)

40
Q

_____ deals with the position and motions of celestial bodies.

A

Astronomy

41
Q

What is an Ellipse?

A

An ellipse is a flattened circle with two centers called foci.

42
Q

________________ proved that planets travel in elliptical orbits

A

Johannes Kepler

43
Q

Kepler’s first law of planetary motion

A

Each planet moves around the sun in an elliptical orbit; the sun is at one focus of the ellipse.

44
Q

Kepler’s second law of planetary motion

A

A planet sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time as it orbits the sun.

45
Q

Kepler’s third law of planetary motion

A

The square of a planet’s period is directly proportional to the cube of its distance from the sun

46
Q

scientific study of the universe

A

astronomy

47
Q

Prince of astronomers

A

Tycho Brahe

48
Q

calculated G with a torsion balance

A

Henry Cavendish

49
Q

sun-centered theory

A

Nicolaus Copernicus

50
Q

three laws of planetary motion

A

Johannes Kepler

51
Q

three laws of motion

A

Isaac Newton

52
Q

The orbit of planets is ____________

A

elliptical

53
Q

The Dream

A

one of the first science fiction stories

54
Q

Why was Kepler’s third law of planetary motion so helpful to astronomer’s?

A

With the third law of planetary motion, astronomers could calculate the distance of the planets from the sun

55
Q

Galileo Galilei discovered that natural motion is motion in a __________

A

straight line

56
Q

What happens to the velocity of a planet as it orbits closer to the sun?

A

As a planet orbits closer to the sun, its velocity increases.

57
Q

Isaac Newton established the ________________ for gravity in 1666

A

inverse square law

58
Q

The mathematical formula for the law of universal gravitation is _________

A

F = (G)[(m1)(m2)/(r^2)]

59
Q

The force of attraction between two bodies is inversely proportional to _______________________ and directly proportional to _______________________.

A

the square of the distance separating their centers of mass

the product of their masses

60
Q

The longest time of flight occurs when a projectile is fired ___________

A

straight up

61
Q

What are the two causes of projectile motion?

A

Motion due to launch velocity and motion due to acceleration due to gravity are the two causes of projectile motion

62
Q

A planet travels fastest when it is nearest the sun

A

.

63
Q

Studied motion and mechanics

A

Galileo Galilei

Physics (22 decks)

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