1137 Definitions Flashcards
atomic theory of matter
John Dalton
French chemist who called heat caloric
Antoine Lavoisier
first thermometer
Galileo Galilei
contradicted caloric theory
Count Rumford
inventor of the metric temperature scale
Anders Celsius
inventor of the mercury thermometer
Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit
found the conversion factor form mechanical to heat energy
James Prescott Joule
absolute temperature scale
Lord Kelvin
the change of a liquid to a gas
evaporation
the transfer of heat by direct contact
conduction
transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
radiation
the study of the movement of heat
thermodynamics
On the Motive Power of Fire
Nicolas Carnot
energy cannot be destroyed or created
first law of thermodynamics
about 10%
efficiency of steam engines
essential feature of heat engine
difference in temperatures
about 6%
efficiency of automobile engines
reduce friction and heat loss and increase temperature difference
ways to improve efficiency
heat travels form hot to cold areas
second law of thermodynamics
measure of heat distribution and disorganization in the universe
entropy
no substance can have zero entropy
third law of thermodynamics
a gas that precisely follows the ideal gas equation
“ideal” gas
PV/T = k
ideal gas law
a device that moves heat form a body of lower temperature to one of higher temperature
heat pump
the gradual mixing of molecules of two or more gases
diffusion
