1136 Definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a compound?

A

Compounds are substances composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined in definite proportions.

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2
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Mixtures are substances that contain atoms of more than one kind and that have been physically combined.

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3
Q

What is plasma?

A

Plasma is matter in which electrons are stripped from their nuclei

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4
Q

What is elasticity?

A

Elasticity is the property which tends to return a solid to its original size and shape when a stress is removed.

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5
Q

What is Hooke’s law?

A

strain is proportional to stress provided the elastic limit is not exceeded

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6
Q

What is strain?

A

The measure of deformation of a body by stress

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7
Q

What is cohesion?

A

The force that holds molecules together

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8
Q

What is pressure?

A

Force per unit area

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9
Q

What does the principle of buoyancy state?

A

The lifting force on an object immersed in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.

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10
Q

What is Pascal’s principle?

A

The pressure applied to a fluid confined in a container is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid and acts in all directions.

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11
Q

Capillary action

A

the rise or depression of a liquid in a narrow tube.

Water rises when a narrow glass tube is placed in it, while mercury is depressed

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12
Q

attraction between two different kinds of substances

A

adhesion

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13
Q

upward force a liquid exerts on an object

A

buoyancy

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14
Q

rise or depression of liquids in narrow tubes

A

capillary action

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15
Q

attraction among molecules of a substance

A

cohesion

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16
Q

science of forces acting on liquids

A

hydraulics

17
Q

shape of the surface of a liquid

A

meniscus

18
Q

force per unit area

A

pressure

19
Q

force producing relatively tough surface layer on liquids

A

surface tension

20
Q

reduce surface tension in water

A

heat and detergents

21
Q

liquid to gas

A

vaporization

22
Q

gas changes to liquid

A

condensation

23
Q

solid changes to liquid

A

fusion

24
Q

liquid changes to gas below the boiling point

A

evaporation

25
Q

solid changes to gas

A

sublimation

26
Q

liquid changes to solid

A

solidification

27
Q

amount of mass per unit volume

A

density

28
Q

density of substance compared to water

A

specific gravity

29
Q

Boyle’s law

A

the volume occupied by a fixed mass of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure, provided temperature is kept constant

30
Q

Charles’ law

A

the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature, provided pressure is constant

31
Q

What is an altimeter?

A

an instrument that measures altitude

32
Q

Bernoulli’s principle

A

velocity and pressure within a moving fluid are inversely related

33
Q

barometer

A

device that measures air pressure

34
Q

Boyle’s law formula

A

PV

35
Q

Charles’

A

V / T

36
Q

Gay Lussac’s

A

P / T

37
Q

viscosity

A

resistance of a fluid to flow

38
Q

friction

A

force that opposes motion