11.3 Pulmonary Ventilations Flashcards
Costal aka
Ribs
On top of surface of lung
Thin membrane of pleura
(Visceral pleura lines lungs)
(Parietal pleura lines body/chest wall)
Simple squamous epithelium.
Potential space in between them filled with pleura fluid
breathing driven by what muscle
Diaphragm
Most breathing is passive
True
External intercostals help
Inhalation (ribs up)
Visceral pleura
Lines organ itself
Parietal pleura
Lines the body wall
Pleural cavity contains
Potential space, negative pressure
Accessory muscle ex
Sternocleidomastoid (lift clavicle)
Abdominal muscles contract pushing diaphragm
Diaphragm pulls the
Parietal pleura which then pulls the visceral pleura
Pressure difference for lung on inhale
2-3 mmHg less then atmosphere
Air entering the pleural space
Can cause lung collapse
Tension pneumothorax
Buildup of tension in thoracic cavity (no air out, but air in) can cause pressure on heart and other lung.
IVC kinked. EDV down, Cardiac output decreases, MAP too
Pneumothorax
Sucking chest wound
Spirometer
Measures respiratory volume
Tidal Volume
~ 500 ml, passive breathing
Expiratory reserve volume
Most air we can exhale
Inspiratory reserve volume
As much air as we can inhale
Vital capacity
Biggest breath we can take
Always remaining in lung
Residual volume
Total lung capacity =
Vital capacity and residual volume
Two major respiratory diseases
Restrictive and Obstructive
Obstructive disorders
Bronchitis, asthma,
Path is blocked, air can’t reach alveoli
Restrictive
Tuberculosis, muscular dystrophy, MS, ALS
Restrict lungs from inflating and increasing volume
