10.1 Blood Flashcards
Blood is
The connective tissue transported throughout the cardiovascular system
Plasma is % of blood
55%, The liquid component of this connective tissue (blood)
Formed elements of blood are formed
In bone marrow, cellular debris.
Blood is an excellent buffer with a pH of
7.35-7.45
Outside pH range blood becomes
Acidosis or alkalosis
Plasma is ___ water
Over 90%
Plasma is approx 7%
Dissolved proteins: albumins, globulins, fibrinogen
Albumin
Produced by liver, helps maintain osmolarity of blood. Damaged liver decreases albumin, cause edema.
Globulins
Antibodies
Fibrinogen
Clotting factor (inactive till activated)
Formed elements of blood are ___%
45
Formed element consists of
RBC (erythrocytes), WBC (leukocytes), platelets
White layer
Buffy coat, WBCs
Hematocrit is
RBC level (percentage)
Platelets have
Fragments of cells, clotting pathway
RBCs that are mature don’t have a
Nucleus
RBCs contain
Hemoglobin (bound to iron), and transport Oxygen
Erythropoietin
- hormone produced by kidneys
- stimulates RBC production
- mature cells circulate for about 120 days before resorption and processing by spleen
Two mechanisms for blood clot formation
Intrinsic pathways, extrinsic pathways
extrinsic pathway
Trauma, Tissue factor to clotting factors, fibrinogen activates to fibrin,
highly regulated mechanism
Intrinsic pathway
Damaged vessels, Clotting pathway, thrombus can form
Blood types distinguished by
Surfaces markers (antigens)
Surface antigens are
Proteins on cell surface (three separate)
Codominant blood type
AB
Rh factors
Coded by gene D
Rh comes from rhesus
Positive or negative (two recessive)
