11.2 The CNS

Question 1

The CNS is composed of two types of nervous tissue:

Answer 1

1. Grey matter

2. White matter

Question 2

Grey Matter + where it is found

Answer 2

• Grey because it contains mostly cell bodies, dendrites, and short, unmyelinated axons (Nerve fibres)
• Found on the outside areas of the brain and H shaped core of the spinal cord

Question 3

White matter

Answer 3

Contains myelinated axons that forms the inner region of brain and outer of spinal cord

Question 4

Spinal cord (3)

Answer 4

• vital communication link between the brain and the PNS
• within the spinal cord, sensory nerves carry messages from the body to the brain for interpretation and motor nerves relay messages from the brain to the effectors
• primary reflex centre, coordinating rapidly incoming and outgoing neural information

Question 5

Outside of spinal cord:

Answer 5

• white matter

- myelinated nerve fibres

Question 6

Inside of spinal cord

Answer 6

• Butterfly shaped core of grey matter

- unmyelinated neurons as well as the cell bodies and dendrite of many spinal neurons

Question 7

What are the delicate tissues of the spinal cord protected by?

Answer 7

• Cerebrospinal fluid, soft tissue layers and the spinal column ( a series of backbones vertebrae)

Question 8

Menings

Answer 8

three layers of tough elastic tissue within the skull and spinal column, directly enclose the brain and spinal cord

Question 9

Names for the forebrain:

Answer 9

• cerebrum cortex or cerebrum

- Largest part of the brain

Question 10

What does the right hemisphere of the forebrain do?

Answer 10

• creative and abstract

Question 11

What does the left hemisphere of the forebrain do?

Answer 11

Analytical and concrete

Question 12

Corpus callosum (3)

Answer 12

• Connection between the two hemisphere
• sends messages from one cerebral hemisphere to the other, telling each half of he brain what the other half is doing
• white matter

Question 13

Four lobes of the cerebrum

Answer 13

Frontal,
Parietal
temperal
occipital

Question 14

Cerebellum

Answer 14

fine motor
posture
balance

Question 15

Medulla Oblongata (3) with ex:

Answer 15

connects brain with spinal cord

Autonomic, involuntary responses

heart rate, breathing, blood pressure

Question 16

Pons

Answer 16

Sleep

Question 17

Midbrain (2)

Answer 17

relays visual and auditory information between areas of the hindbrain and forebrain
plays important roll in eye movement

Question 18

Thamalamus

Answer 18

Connection between various parts of the brain

Question 19

Blood-brain barrier

Answer 19

The meanings protect the CNS by preventing direct circulation of blood through the cells of the brain and spinal cord.

• protects the brain and supplies the brain with nutrients and oxygen. Lipid soluble substances are able to pass directly.

Question 20

cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 20

• circulates throughout the spaces to ventricles within the brain and spinal cord
• acts as shock absorber for brain and transport hormones, white blood and nutrients across the blood brain barrier for cells of the spinal cord and brain

Question 21

Occipital Lobe

Answer 21

• receive and analyze visual info

- needed for recognition of what is being seen

Question 22

Temperal lobe+ area

Answer 22

Auditory reception hearing

-Includes wenicke’s area (Language comprehension)

Question 23

Parietal lobe

Answer 23

Somatosensory functions (interpret body sensations): touch/taste

• processes info about body position

Question 24

Frontal lobe (5)+ area

Answer 24

Conscious thought
intelligence
memory
personality
voluntary muscle movements 
Bronca's area (Language production) *Translate thoughts into speech)

Question 25

Hypothalamus

Answer 25

homeostatsis+manages hormones
ex: regulates blood sugar
heart rate
blood pressure