11.2 Cindarians

Question 1

3 main characteristics of Cindarians?

Answer 1

Diploblastic; blind gut; radial symmetry

Question 2

Example of cnidaria?

Answer 2

Jellyfish, sea anemones, corals, hydrozonans

Question 3

Habitat of cnidaria?

Answer 3

Marine

Question 4

Feeding of cnidaria?

Answer 4

Carnivorous

Question 5

Cnidaria - tissue wise?

Answer 5

Diploblastic, nervous and muscular tissue

Question 6

Cnidarian - body forms?

Answer 6

• Polyp (U) - sessile (sea anemone)

- Medusa (n) - motile

Question 7

Most cnidarian life cycle includes…

Answer 7

Both body plans

Question 8

How do cnidarians obtain energy?

Answer 8

• Carnivorous - use cnidocyte to capture prey, inject with venom and stick to prey

Question 9

Cnidarians - digestion?

Answer 9

Extracellular, in gastrovastular cavity

Question 10

Corals (cnidarians) obtain energy from…

Answer 10

Symbiotic algae

Question 11

Cnidarians - nervous system

Answer 11

Simple (little to no integration or processing of signals) - direct lines of communication between sensors and effectors (muscle)

Question 12

Asexual reproduction of cnidarians?

Answer 12

Budding

Question 13

Sexual reproduction of cnidarians?

Answer 13

Medusa —> meiosis –> fertilization —> zygots –> (cleavage and gastrulation) zygote)

Question 14

3 types of cnidarias?

Answer 14

• Hydrozoa (hydra)
• Scyphozoa (jellyfish)
• Anthozoa (corals, sea anemones)

Question 15

Life cycle of hydrozoa?

Answer 15

• Polyp dominant phase

- Most species alternate between polyp and medusa

Question 16

Life cycle of scyphozoa?

Answer 16

• medusa is dominant

- polyp reduced

Question 17

Life cycle of anthozoa?

Answer 17

• polyp dominant

- no medusa

Question 18

Hydra lives in … and moves by….

Answer 18

Freshwater

Gliding, somersaulting, floating

Question 19

3 body parts of hydra?

Answer 19

Mouth, bud, basal disk

Question 20

What are portuguese man of war?

Answer 20

Colonial polyps specialized for different functions (gas filled float), tropical/subtropical, tentacles contain cnidocytes

• Can cause allergic reaction: breathing, consciousness

Question 21

Characteristics of Jellyfish?

Answer 21

• Large amount of mesoglea
• Some nematocysts are strong enough to be felt by humans
• Prey on fish larve and zooplankton
• Important food for leatherback turtles

Question 22

What are cassiopeia?

Answer 22

• Scyphozoa (upside down jelly)
• Symbiotic algae in tentacles
• Tolerates low O2 (gets it from symbionts)
• Lives in mangrove swamps

Question 23

Surname of Anthozoa?

Answer 23

Flower animal

Question 24

Characteristics of Sea anemones?

Answer 24

• Retract tentacles in defense

- Mutualistic relationship with anemone fish and shrimp (can touch without causing cnidocytes to discharge!)

Question 25

Characteristics of corals?

Answer 25

• Mutualistic with zooxanthellae (dinoflagellates)
• Secrete CaCO3
• Exoskeleton = reefs

Question 26

What is coral bleaching?

Answer 26

Zooxanthellae expelled, due to water temperature, UV radiation, pollution, disease (bacteria)