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Module 11 Richard > 11.17 Water And Waste > Flashcards

11.17 Water And Waste Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main 3 subsystems in water and waste

A
  • The potable water system
  • The waste water system
  • The toilet water system
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2
Q

What is the portable water system

A

The main water supply system on the aircraft and supplies water for the lavatories and galleys

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3
Q

What is the waste water system

A

The waste water system removes used water from lavatories and galleys and removes it from the aircraft

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4
Q

What is the toilet water system

A

Removes the waste from lavatories and stores it in tanks

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5
Q

What components does the portable water system consist of

A

Water storage and distribution, with pressurisation and quantity indication.

The portable water system needs to be serviced

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6
Q

What is the potable water stored in

A

Water tanks made from glass fibre reinforced plastic

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7
Q

Where are the potable water tanks stored

A

Located in the pressurised underfloor area of the fuselage

The number of tanks and capacity depends on the aircraft

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8
Q

The water tanks supply water through lines and valves, what are the 2 main valves called

A

Fill and overflow valve

Manual shut off valves are located in each lavatory

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9
Q

What could be done in the event of a water leak

A

There are two electrically operated shut off valves that can lock out the front or aft of the aircraft

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10
Q

What components does the lavatory water system have

A
  • A header that distributes the water
  • A manual shut off valve that is for isolating the lavatory from the water supply if there is a leakage
  • A water heater that heats the water
  • A mixer valve for mixing hot and cold water
  • A wash basin with faucets

Apart from the wash basin all of the components are found in the cabinet beneath the sink

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11
Q

Beginning at the tanks where would the water flow in the lavatory water system

A

From the tanks through the manual shut off valve and then to the header which acts as a distribution point

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12
Q

What does the header distribute water to in the lavatory water system

A
  • The toilet
  • The water heater
  • The mixer valve via the faucet in the washbasin
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13
Q

With the temperature knob what range of temperature is the temperature range available

A

From 26-43 degrees c

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14
Q

What are the two ways that the lavatory faucet can be operated

A

Mechanically or infa red

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15
Q

How does the mechanical faucet work

A

Push the mechanical actuator and the water will come out

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16
Q

What is the infa red faucet controlled by

A

A reflective sensor unit with 2 lenses

When water is required the reflective sensor opens a solenoid operated shut off valve on the mixer valve

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17
Q

When will the water stop flowing on the infa red faucet

A

When hands have been removed and after a pre selected time which can be adjusted between 3-15 seconds

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18
Q

Why does the water heater provide

A

Hot water to the wash basin in each lavatory

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19
Q

What are the heater tanks controlled/monitored by and what is their capacity

A

They have electrical heating elements that are controlled by a thermostat

The tank can hold approx 3 pints or 1.5 litres

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20
Q

Wen does the overheat switch activate on the water heater

A

At around 90 degrees c

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21
Q

What are the 3 preselected temperatures that are available for the water heaters

A

Low - 38 degrees c
Medium - 44 degrees c
High - degrees c

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22
Q

When does the pressure relief valve open on the water heater

A

When pressure increases to 140psi or more

It will close again at 130psi

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23
Q

What is used to pressurise water in the potable water system in order to get the water from the tanks to each user

A

Bleed air from the pneumatic system

If bleed air is not available an electric compressor will be used to produce the flow

24
Q

What is used in the lines to prevent dirt from the pneumatic system entering the potable water

A

A filter

25
Q

At what pressure does the pressure switch open if the pneumatic system isn’t providing enough air and requires the electric motor to kick in

A

30psi and will close again when pressure builds up to 40psi

26
Q

Between the pressure switch and the water storage tanks is a pressure relief valve. At what pressure will this open

A

60 psi it closes again when it drops below 54 psi

27
Q

What must be done if a component needs replacing in the potable water system

A

The system must be depressurised

28
Q

Where are the potable water service panels located

A

Usually the lower part of the fuselage and covered by an access door

29
Q

What does the servicing of the potable water system consist of

A

Must be filled with the necessary quantity of fresh drinking water and drained of the old water from the tanks when necessary

30
Q

What are the main components of the water service panel

A

A T handle, a fill fitting with a protective cap, a water quantity indicator and an air compressor interlock switch

There is also a drain valve handle and a drain port

31
Q

How do you prevent the air compressor from activating during maintenance

A

When the service panel door is opened the interlock switch is activated preventing compressor operation during servicing

The switch is a magnetic reed switch also known as a proximity switch

32
Q

When filling the potable water system when does the filling stop

A

When it has reached the preselected quantity which is controlled by the quantity control unit

33
Q

Why does the quantity transmitter in the tank measure the quantity of the water in the tanks with

A

A capacitance probe which works in the same way as a fuel quantity probe

34
Q

Water tanks and water lines for the galleys and lavatories must be drained for maintenance and cleaning purposes how is this done

A

Drain valves and shut off valves are used to drain all of the water. The drain valves are operated manually

Normally it is required to force the water out of the drain valve by using APU bleed air

35
Q

What must be done if the aircraft is being stored outside oversight in freezing conditions

A

The water system must be drained completely

36
Q

What are the two sub systems of the waste disposal system

A
  • The waste water system

- The toilet waste system

37
Q

What is the difference between the waste water system and the toilet waste system

A

The waste water from the waste water system is drained out through drain lines and drain masts whereas the toilet waste is collected in designated tanks

38
Q

How is the flow of the waste water in the water water system through the drain masts and drain lines generated

A

Gravity and through the differential pressure between the pressurised cabin and the exhaust end of the drain mast

39
Q

How do the waste water lines and exhaust not freeze

A

They are heated, the heaters are active as long as the electrical power is on.

40
Q

What are the two different types of toilet waste system installed in aircraft

A

Modern aircraft will have a modern vacuum system and older models have flush motor toilets

41
Q

In a flush motor unit each toilet will have its own unit consisting of what components

A
  • The flushing equipment with flushable handle
  • A flush motor assembly
  • A waste tank
  • The drain equipment
42
Q

In the flush motor toilet what type of motor is used

A

A high power three phase electric motor

It is controlled by a timer. It operates by pushing or rotating the flush handle.

43
Q

How much water flushes the toilet bowl and then returns to the tank?

A

Around 2 gallons

44
Q

What does the liquid which flushes the toilet consist of

A

A chemical mixture of disinfectant, dye and deodorant

45
Q

How many times can a toilet be used before the tank will need emptying

A

Around 100 times

46
Q

How many waste tanks do the vacuum toilets have

A

Two or more central waste tanks located in the cargo compartment

Size and number depend on the aircraft

47
Q

What does the vacuum toilet system consist of

A

A vacuum system, flushing components and components for servicing

48
Q

Below what altitude does it require for a pressure switch to activate the vacuum blower to then reduce the tank pressure for the toilet to be flushed

A

16,000ft

At an altitude above this the vacuum system is much more efficient

49
Q

What is the vacuum system connected to the tank via

A

A liquid or water separator

50
Q

What is the purpose of the water/liquid separator?

A

To remove water and waste particles from the waste tank air before venting it overboard

The filters can be changed during system servicing

51
Q

What is used to gauge the level of the waste in the waste tanks

A

A level sensor, there is also another sensor if the first one fails

Sometimes they have an independent transmitter that controls a level indication on the attendants panel

52
Q

How is the waste from the waste tanks removed

A

Via the central waste panel located on the bottom of the fuselage

There is one drain fitting for each tank, there is also a ground flush line to clean the tanks

53
Q

What prevents the waste drain cap from leaking waste

A

There is a safety valve

54
Q

How must fluid must you use to clean out each waste tank once they have been drained of waste

A

Between 5 and 10 US gallons depending on aircraft type

55
Q

For servicing flush motor toilets what is different from the vacuum type

A

On the flush motor toilets they have a designated tank per toilet whereas the vacuum system have large tanks in the cargo bay which collects the waste from all the toilets

Module 11 Richard (19 decks)

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