1.1.1 Cell Biology and Histology of Respiratory System Flashcards
What are the two functional components of the respiratory system?
Conduction Sytem
Respiratory System
Describe the specific components of the respiratory system starting with nasal and oral cavities to the respiratory bronchioles.
Describe the flow of blood from the R ventricle through the lungs and body until it returns to the R atrium.
What is the composition of surfactant?
What do each of the letters represent?
A: alveoli
AD: alveoli ducts
AS: alveoli sacs
R: respiratory bronchiole
T: Terminal bronchiole
What is the respiratory system comprised of?
Pulmonary acini consisting of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli
What concentric structures helps keep the trachea open at all times?
Discontinuous rings of hyaline cartilage
What do each of these letter represent in this cross section of the trachea?
E: Respiratory epithelium
LP: Lamina propria
SM: Submucosa
F: Fibroelastic Tissue
What are the structures numbered 1-3?
What are some of the symptoms of the flu?
Fever, sore throat, muscle and head aches, coughing, and fatigue
Describe the orientation of smooth muscle fibers and elastic fibers around the bronchioles.
Smooth muscle fibers are oriented concentrically
Elastic fibers are oriented longitudinally
Describe the positioning of the trachea, larnyx, pharnyx, and bronchi.
Pharnyx, Larnyx, Trachae, Bronchi
At what level traveling deeper into the respiratory system, does hyaline cartilage stop playing a role in its structure?
The bronchiole
What are the three types of cells present in the alveolar sac?
Type I pneumocytes
Type II pneumocytes
Alveolar macrophages
Which mitotically active cells produce neuronal cells throughout life?
Basal cells of the olfactory epithelium
Rhinoviruses typically affect which portion of the respiratory system?
The conducting system
Where is the olfactory area in the nasopharyngeal cavity?
What is this a slide of?
Terminal bronchiole
Note: the absence of cartilage as well as some smooth muscle still present
What protein secreted by olfactory glands binds odorants? What do plasma cells in this region secrete?
Olfactory Binding Protein (OBP); IgA
Where are club cells found? What is their former name? What do they produce?
The number of clara cells progressively increases the number of goblet cells decreases. Goblet cells disappear entirely at the level of the terminal bronchiole.
Former name: Clara Cells
Club cells produce surfactant-like substances
What do each of the letters represent?
C: Hyaline cartilage
M: mucosa
T: trachealis muscle
L: longitudinal muscle
What is the leading cause of death among the elderly?
Pneumonia
What is the conduction system comprised of?
Nasal and oral cavities to terminal bronchioles
What structure terminates at the respiratory bronchioles and gives rise to the alveolar capillary plexus?
Pulmonary artery
What is being circumscribed in blue in this type II pneumocyte?
Surfactant granule
The trachea is lined by? What prevents collapse of trachea and flexibility during swallowing?
Lined by pseudostratified epithelium and C shaped cartilage
What type of cells produce surfactant in the alveoli?
Type II pneumocytes
Tobacco can have an immobilizing effect on what structure of the respiratory structure?
Cilia
What are some common respiratory diseases?
Rhinovirus infections, Influenza, Pneumonia, Emphysema, Cystic Fibrosis, and Asthma
Replace each blue dot with these abreviatons: P1, P2, E, M, or C.
P1: type 1 pneumocyte, P2: type 2 pneumocyte, E: endothelial, M: macrophage, C: capillary
The axonal projections of olfactory epithelium project from which portion of the cell to what region of the brain?
Basal region and contacts neurons of the olfactory bulb in the brain
