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Pulmonary > 1.1.1 Cell Biology and Histology of Respiratory System > Flashcards

1.1.1 Cell Biology and Histology of Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two functional components of the respiratory system?

A

Conduction Sytem

Respiratory System

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2
Q

Describe the specific components of the respiratory system starting with nasal and oral cavities to the respiratory bronchioles.

A
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3
Q

Describe the flow of blood from the R ventricle through the lungs and body until it returns to the R atrium.

A
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4
Q

What is the composition of surfactant?

A
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5
Q

What do each of the letters represent?

A

A: alveoli

AD: alveoli ducts

AS: alveoli sacs

R: respiratory bronchiole

T: Terminal bronchiole

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6
Q

What is the respiratory system comprised of?

A

Pulmonary acini consisting of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli

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7
Q

What concentric structures helps keep the trachea open at all times?

A

Discontinuous rings of hyaline cartilage

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8
Q

What do each of these letter represent in this cross section of the trachea?

A

E: Respiratory epithelium

LP: Lamina propria

SM: Submucosa

F: Fibroelastic Tissue

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9
Q

What are the structures numbered 1-3?

A
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10
Q

What are some of the symptoms of the flu?

A

Fever, sore throat, muscle and head aches, coughing, and fatigue

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11
Q

Describe the orientation of smooth muscle fibers and elastic fibers around the bronchioles.

A

Smooth muscle fibers are oriented concentrically

Elastic fibers are oriented longitudinally

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12
Q

Describe the positioning of the trachea, larnyx, pharnyx, and bronchi.

A

Pharnyx, Larnyx, Trachae, Bronchi

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13
Q

At what level traveling deeper into the respiratory system, does hyaline cartilage stop playing a role in its structure?

A

The bronchiole

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14
Q

What are the three types of cells present in the alveolar sac?

A

Type I pneumocytes

Type II pneumocytes

Alveolar macrophages

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15
Q

Which mitotically active cells produce neuronal cells throughout life?

A

Basal cells of the olfactory epithelium

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16
Q

Rhinoviruses typically affect which portion of the respiratory system?

A

The conducting system

17
Q

Where is the olfactory area in the nasopharyngeal cavity?

A
18
Q

What is this a slide of?

A

Terminal bronchiole

Note: the absence of cartilage as well as some smooth muscle still present

19
Q

What protein secreted by olfactory glands binds odorants? What do plasma cells in this region secrete?

A

Olfactory Binding Protein (OBP); IgA

20
Q

Where are club cells found? What is their former name? What do they produce?

A

The number of clara cells progressively increases the number of goblet cells decreases. Goblet cells disappear entirely at the level of the terminal bronchiole.

Former name: Clara Cells

Club cells produce surfactant-like substances

21
Q

What do each of the letters represent?

A

C: Hyaline cartilage

M: mucosa

T: trachealis muscle

L: longitudinal muscle

22
Q

What is the leading cause of death among the elderly?

A

Pneumonia

23
Q

What is the conduction system comprised of?

A

Nasal and oral cavities to terminal bronchioles

24
Q

What structure terminates at the respiratory bronchioles and gives rise to the alveolar capillary plexus?

A

Pulmonary artery

25
Q

What is being circumscribed in blue in this type II pneumocyte?

A

Surfactant granule

26
Q

The trachea is lined by? What prevents collapse of trachea and flexibility during swallowing?

A

Lined by pseudostratified epithelium and C shaped cartilage

27
Q

What type of cells produce surfactant in the alveoli?

A

Type II pneumocytes

28
Q

Tobacco can have an immobilizing effect on what structure of the respiratory structure?

A

Cilia

29
Q

What are some common respiratory diseases?

A

Rhinovirus infections, Influenza, Pneumonia, Emphysema, Cystic Fibrosis, and Asthma

30
Q

Replace each blue dot with these abreviatons: P1, P2, E, M, or C.

P1: type 1 pneumocyte, P2: type 2 pneumocyte, E: endothelial, M: macrophage, C: capillary

A
31
Q

The axonal projections of olfactory epithelium project from which portion of the cell to what region of the brain?

A

Basal region and contacts neurons of the olfactory bulb in the brain

Pulmonary (42 decks)

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